Antimicrobial and disinfectant resistance of <i>Escherichia coli</i>
 isolated from giant pandas

Guo, Lijuan; Ma, Liang; Huang, Yan; Wu, Guang‐Peng; Deng, Wenwen; Yang, Xin; Li, Binglei; Meng, Yue; Lin, Chunru; Fan, Liangqian; Zhang, H.; Zou, Likou

doi:10.1111/jam.12820

Cited by 36 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Genomic DNA extraction was done on the eight S. aureus isolates that showed resistance to all disinfectants. Extraction of DNA was done according to the method previously described [ 29 ] with some slight modifications. In brief, 500 μ l of the 24 hr culture was mixed with 500 μ l of reagent grade water and heated at 100°C for 10 minutes and later centrifuged at 15000 rpm for 15 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Detection of qac Genes from Disinfectant-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Salon Tools in Ishaka Town, Bushenyi District of Uganda

Gahongayire

Aliero

Kato

et al. 2020

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Bacterial infections are on a rise with causal-resistant strains increasing the economic burden to both patients and healthcare providers. Salons are recently reported as one of the sources for transmission of such resistant bacterial strains. The current study aimed at the identification of the prevalent bacteria and characterization of quaternary ammonium compound (qac) genes from disinfectant-resistant S. aureus isolated from salon tools in Ishaka town, Bushenyi District of Uganda. A total of 125 swabs were collected from different salon tools (combs, brushes, scissors, clippers, and shaving machines), and prevalent bacteria were isolated using standard microbiological methods. Identification of isolated bacteria was done using standard phenotypic methods including analytical profile index (API). Susceptibility patterns of the isolated bacteria to disinfectant were determined using the agar well diffusion method. Quaternary ammonium compound (qac) genes (qacA/B and qacC) associated with disinfectant resistances were detected from disinfectant-resistant S. aureus using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing methods. Of the 125 swab samples collected from salons, 78 (62.4%) were contaminated with different bacteria species. Among the salon tools, clippers had the highest contamination of 20 (80.0%), while shaving machines had the lowest contamination of 11 (44.0%). The most prevalent bacteria identified were Staphylococcus epidermidis (28.1%) followed by S. aureus (26.5%). Of all the disinfectants tested, the highest resistance was shown with sodium hypochlorite 1%. Out of the eight (8) disinfectant-resistant S. aureus analysed for qac genes, 2 (25%) isolates (STP6 and STP9) were found to be qacA/B positive, while 2 (25%) isolates (STP8 and STP9) were found to be qacC gene positive. This study has shown that bacterial contamination of salon tools is common, coupled with resistance to disinfectants with sodium hypochlorite resistance being more common. Furthermore, observed resistance was attributed to the presence of qac genes among S. aureus isolates. A search for qac genes for disinfectant resistance from other bacteria species is recommended.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Detection of qac Genes from Disinfectant-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Salon Tools in Ishaka Town, Bushenyi District of Uganda

Gahongayire

Aliero

Kato

et al. 2020

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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“…[1]. E. coli infection occurs in poultry and livestock, as well as in wild animals such as snub-nosed monkeys and giant pandas [2,3,4,5]. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) can induce urinary tract infection through entering the urethra, then causing pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis [6,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)

Liu

Yue

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundDisease prevention and control is a significant part in the ex-situ conservation of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens), with bacterial infection being one of the most important health threats to the captive population. To date, studies about the Escherichia coli infection in the red panda are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the cause of death of a captive red panda through clinical symptoms, complete blood count, biochemical analysis, pathological diagnosis and bacterial whole genome sequencing.Case presentationOne 1.5 year old captive female red panda (Ailurus fulgens) was lethargic and anoretic. She was moved to the quarantine area for daily treatment of oral cefpodoxime proxetil 50mg. During this period, she did not eat or defecate, and died at 15:00 on November 21. Clinical examination revealed the values of neutrophils; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly higher. Histological analysis demonstrated major pathological damage in the kidneys, liver and lungs, characterized by hyperemia, parenchymal cell degeneration and necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration which was predominantly neutrophilic. A bacterial strain confirmed as Escherichia coli was isolated from the red panda post mortem. Whole-genome sequencing of the E. coli showed the complete sequences of the chromosome was 4.99 Mbp. PapA, PapG, OmpA, OmpU and other virulence factors were specific to Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Among the virulence factors, P pili, type I pili and related factors of the iron uptake system were associated with nephrotoxicity. ConclusionThe red panda died of bacterial infection caused by an Uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. The pathogenic mechanisms of the strain are closely related to the expression of specific virulence genes.

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“…Most of the strains are not pathogenic, but once they obtain the virulence factors of pathogenic, they will turn into the pathogenic bacterium and can cause infections in animals and humans [1]. For example, E. coli infection occurs in poultry and livestock as well as in wild animals such as snub-nosed monkeys and giant pandas [2,3,4,5]. The Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the main bacterium strain which can induce urinary tract infection [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Identification of Kidney-derived Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)

Liu¹,

Li²,

Yue³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Disease prevention and control is a significant part during the ex-situ conservation of the red panda (Ailurus fulgens) with bacterial infection being one of the important threats to the health of the captive population. So far, there was no systematic and detailed publications about the red panda-related E. coli disease. This study was conducted for the purpose of determining the cause of death, etiology and pathogenesis on a red panda through clinical symptoms, complete blood count, biochemical analysis, pathological diagnosis, antimicrobial susceptibility test, mouse pathogenicity test, and bacterial whole genome sequencing.Results A bacterial strain confirmed as Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) was isolated from one captive dead red panda, which is resistant to most of the β-lactam drugs and a small number of aminoglycoside medications. The mouse pathogenicity test results showed the strains isolated postmortem from mice were the same as from the dead red panda, and the pathological findings were similar to the red panda while they were not completely the same. These pathological differences between red panda and mice may be related to the routes of infection and perhaps species differences and tolerance. The whole genome sequencing results showed that the isolated strain contained P pili, type I pili and iron uptake system related factors, which were closely related to its nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The red panda died of bacterial infection which was identified as Uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The pathogenic mechanisms of the strain are closely related to the expression of specific virulence genes.

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Antimicrobial and disinfectant resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from giant pandas

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence and Detection of qac Genes from Disinfectant-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Salon Tools in Ishaka Town, Bushenyi District of Uganda

Prevalence and Detection of qac Genes from Disinfectant-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Salon Tools in Ishaka Town, Bushenyi District of Uganda

Isolation and Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)

Isolation and Identification of Kidney-derived Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)

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