Antimicrobial/Biocompatible Hydrogels Dual-Reinforced by Cellulose as Ultrastretchable and Rapid Self-Healing Wound Dressing

Abstract

Hydrogels as a wound dressing, integrated with ultrastretchability, rapid self-healing, and excellent antimicrobial activity, are in high demand, particularly for joint skin wound healing. Herein, a multifunctional and ductile composite hydrogel was developed using poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-borax gel as a matrix that was synergized or dual-reinforced with dopamine-grafted oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (OCMC-DA) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF). Moreover, neomycin (NEO), an aminoglycoside antibiotic with multifunctional groups, was incorporated into the hydrogel network as both an antibacterial agent and a cross-linker. The dynamic reversible borate ester linkages and hydrogen bonds between OCMC-DA, PVA, and CNF, along with dynamic cross-linking imine linkages between NEO and OCMC-DA, endowed the hydrogel with excellent self-healing ability and stretchability (3300%). The as-reinforced networks enhanced the mechanical properties of hydrogels significantly. More remarkably, the composite hydrogel with improved biodegradability and biocompatibility is pH-responsive and effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria, which is attributed to the controllable release of NEO for steady availability of the antibiotic on the wound location. Overall, the antimicrobial hydrogel with rapid self-healing and reliable mechanical properties holds significant promise as dressing material for wound healing.

Antiviral/antibacterial biodegradable cellulose nonwovens as environmentally friendly and bioprotective materials with potential to minimize microplastic pollution

“…On account of the significance of bio-protection of PPE, their antibacterial/antiviral activity is of extreme importance. PHMG and NEO are recognized as excellent antimicrobial agents with broad-spectrum biocidal properties for various applications ( Pan et al, 2016 , Zhong et al, 2021 ). Here, a colony counting method was used to quantify the antibacterial activities of the AVAB-CNWs against two representing pathogenic bacteria, i.e., Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus ( Cui et al, 2021 ).…”

Virucidal and biodegradable specialty cellulose nonwovens as personal protective equipment against COVID-19 pandemic

“…In addition, compared with antiviral activities towards HCoV-229E aforementioned, the modified BCNWs exhibited even higher effectiveness in inactivating SARS-CoV-2, thus further validating the suitability of such-modified nonwoven as promising PPE to provide outstanding bio-protection against SARS-CoV-2, which is of great significance to the current Covid-19 pandemic. To further verify the leaching-out effect of disinfectants incorporated into the BCNWs, the inhibition zone assay [31] , [38] was performed. As shown in Fig.…”

“…Both PHG and NEO can be readily covalent-grafted on the TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nonwovens (TOCNWs) via the amide formation. Despite that PHG and NEO are well known for their activities against a broad spectrum of bacteria and certain types of viruses [31] , [32] , it is still unknown whether the grafting of those two agents on TOCNWs in such a manner can create sufficiently high antiviral activity against coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 in particular. Therefore, this work presents the first attempt on grafting the tailor-selected functional polymer or agent on TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nonwovens to endow the nonwovens with superior virucidal performance.…”

Self-Healing Hydrogels: Preparation, Mechanism and Advancement in Biomedical Applications

“…Recently, a wound-dressing composite hydrogel constructed of polyvinyl alcohol-borax gel and reinforced with a composite combination of dopamine grafted with oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose and cellulose nanofibers demonstrated good antibacterial activity and self-healing capabilities. As a result of various covalent processes, it also demonstrated excellent mechanical properties [114]. It is also been made into an injectable nanofiber for wound healing, where it goes through a Schiff base reaction with sodium alginate that's been functionalized with an aldehyde.…”