Antimicrobial Contribution of Chitosan Surface-Modified Nanoliposomes Combined with Colistin against Sensitive and Colistin-Resistant Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Colistin is a re-emergent antibiotic peptide used as a last resort in clinical practice to overcome multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections. Unfortunately, the dissemination of colistin-resistant strains has increased in recent years and is considered a public health problem worldwide. Strategies to reduce resistance to antibiotics such as nanotechnology have been applied successfully. In this work, colistin was characterized physicochemically by surface tension measurements. Subsequently, nanoliposomes coated with highly deacetylated chitosan were prepared with and without colistin. The nanoliposomes were characterized using dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements. Both physicochemical parameters fluctuated relatively to the addition of colistin and/or polymer. The antimicrobial activity of formulations increased by four-fold against clinical isolates of susceptible Pseudomona aeruginosa but did not have antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Interestingly, the free coated nanoliposomes exhibited the same antibacterial activity in both sensitive and MDR strains. Finally, the interaction of colistin with phospholipids was characterized using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and determined that colistin is weakly associated with micelles constituted by zwitterionic phospholipids.

Chitosomes-In-Chitosan Hydrogel for Acute Skin Injuries: Prevention and Infection Control

“…Dicloxacillin, commonly used in skin infections, demonstrated improved activity of non-coated liposomes; however, the activity of coated liposomes was retained compared to dicloxacillin in solution [ 79 ]. Chitosan-coated liposomes have also demonstrated promising antimicrobial effects in colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ 80 ]. Sacco and colleagues evaluated a physical chitosan hydrogel against S. epidermidis and revealed promising antimicrobial activity [ 81 ].…”

Current Advances in Lipid and Polymeric Antimicrobial Peptide Delivery Systems and Coatings for the Prevention and Treatment of Bacterial Infections

“…Chitosan has been used by Laverde-Rojas et al to coat colistin-loaded liposomes. These liposomes were 4-fold more effective against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, while being equally active against multidrug-resistant strains compared to a colistin solution [47]. Aboumanei et al executed in vivo biodistribution studies of thigh muscle Escherichia coli infection-bearing mice with chitosan-coated liposomes encapsulating colistin and showed that upon oral administration, the bioavailability of colistin in the blood was improved more than 5-fold for chitosan-coated liposomes compared to a colistin solution.…”

Biopolymers as a Potential Alternative for the Retention of Pollutants from Vinasse: An In Silico Approach

“…One of these modified cellulose biopolymers is carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), which is a water-soluble anionic polyelectrolyte widely recognized for its excellent flocculating capacity on various industrial contaminants, primarily of cationic nature [ 13 ]. In contrast, chitosan also belongs to the polysaccharide-type biopolymer family and is primarily extracted from the exoskeleton of crustaceans through the alkaline deacetylation of chitin [ 14 ]. It is the second-most abundant natural organic source on Earth after cellulose biopolymers [ 15 ].…”