Antimicrobial Effect of Myrtus communis. L. Essential Oils Against Oral Microorganism

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of essential oils (EOs) isolated from Myrtus communis L. (myrtle) against Streptococcus mutants, Streptococcus sanguis, and Streptococcus salivarius through in vitro experiments. The EOs was isolated from myrtle leaves by the hydrodistillation method. The disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the zone of microbial growth inhibition by different concentrations of the EOs. The inhibition zone for all concentrations was measured in diameter (MM) after incubation at 37°for 18 hours. According to these measurements, the Minimal inhibitory concentration for each bacterium was reported. Tetracycline and erythromycin were used as positive control. The result showed that EOs of myrtle leaves had antimicrobial activity on disk-diffusions plates against all strains of Streptococcus, which were tested; however, S. mutants showed greater susceptibility than others. EOs of myrtle leaves could be recommended as a potential remedy for prevention the colonization of teeth by Streptococcus mutants and hinder the development of dental caries.

Chemical composition, antibiofilm, cytotoxic, and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of Myrtus communis L. leaves essential oil

“…As is known, once the "niches" of biofilm, containing cells and other material (nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides) are formed, the cells present inside the biofilm tend to modify its metabolic pathways, not only to become more resistant than the homologous planktonic cells but also to express a greater "virulence". This means that starting from this step, it is more difficult to eradicate a possible infection using synthetic antibiotics, conventionally effective against the corresponding planktonic cells [ 60 , 67 ]. In our study, the myrtle EO was able both to inhibit the viability of the cells present to the inner of biofilm, and/or to modulate the metabolic pathway that leads to greater bacterial virulence.…”

The therapeutic value of Myrtus communis L.: an updated review

“… Pharmacological effects Activity model Plant part used References Anti-inflammatory Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages in vitro model Seeds Cruciani et al 2019 , Soomro et al 2019 , Dragomanova et al 2019 , Alem et al 2008 , Maxia et al 2011 , Rossi et al 2009 , Raoof et al 2019 . Analgesic effects Mouse model Aerial part Koeberle et al 2009 Antimicrobial effects P. aeruginosa , S. shigie , S. aureus , S. typhi , E. coli , K. aerogenes , P. vulgaris , and P. mirabilis Leaves, seeds Barboni et al 2010 , Feuillolay et al 2016 , Teimoory et al 2013 , Rasaie et al 2017 , Appendino et al 2006 , Harassi et al 2019 , Rahimvand et al 2018 , Fani et al 2014 , Ben et al 2014 , Javadi et al 2017 , Cruciani et al 2019 , Beni et al 2017 , Flaminia et al 2004 , Cannas et al 2013 , Mert et al 2008 , Aleksic et al 2014 , Fadil et al 2018 , Masoudi et al 2017 , Cannas et al 2014 ,Barac et al 2018 , Mahdi et al 2006 , Mehrabani et al 2013 , Penauelas et al 2001 Antidiabetic effects Mouse model Berry, leaves <...…”

“…The extract was applied in the study of its action on biofilm formation. High sensitivity was seen when biofilm formation was assessed on all the bacterial strains with Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis being the most potent to M. communis extract (Sidkey 2006 ; Rasaie et al 2017 ). An acylphloroglucinols (myrtucommulone-A) isolated from M. communis leaves exhibited great antibacterial activity versus Gram-positive bacteria, though inactive on the Gram negatives (Appendino et al 2006 ).…”