Antimicrobial Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma and Platelet Gel against Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Surgical Site Infections: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

There is growing interest in platelets concentrates contribution to antimicrobial host defense functions. Objective: This study aims to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and platelet gel (PG) against S. aureus isolates recovered from Surgical Site Infections (SSIs). Methodology: A total of 200 SSI specimens were collected. S. aureus isolates were identified and biofilm producers were detected by modified tissue culture plate method. The isolates were checked for antibiotic susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method. Alamar blue (AB) susceptibility assay was applied to test the killing effect against planktonic and biofilm cultures of S. aureus. Time kill assay was performed during 24 hours period. Results: Out of 40 S. aureus isolates, 80% were biofilm producers which show more resistance to antibiotics than non-biofilm producers. However, there was non-significant difference between the effect of platelet poor plasma (PPP), PRP and PG between biofilm and non-biofilm producing planktonic S. aureus. Using AB assay, the viability of S. aureus within biofilm was reduced by 28%, 29% and 46% after 24 hours of treatment with PPP, PRP, and PG respectively. In time kill assay, bacterial count was reduced after 2 and 4 hours and was increased again after 24 hours. PG and PRP had more significant antimicrobial effect than PPP. PG had more significant antimicrobial effect than PRP. Conclusion: Antimicrobial effect of PG is more potent than PRP against S. aureus and both components have similar antimicrobial effect on biofilm and non-biofilm producing S. aureus.