Antimicrobial effect of Red Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) against different types of oral bacteria

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effect of an aqueous extract Red Roselle calyx (RE), Chlorhexidine (CH), Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (ACA), Tetracycline (Tet), and Metronidazole (Met)on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) bacteria. The bacterial inhibition zones (BIZ)of the RE (25, 50, 75, 100) mg/ml and CH solutions (0.2%, 2%) were determined using the agar well diffusion method. Additionally, the susceptibility of the tested bacteria against (30 μg) of standard antibiotics of ACA, Tet, and Met was examined. The bacterial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured using the Broth Micro dilution method (BMDM). All tests were carried out in triplicates, and water was considered the negative control. For S. mutans, the RE at 50 mg/ml or above concentrations displayed higher BIZ than 0.2% CH. 100 mg/ml of RE recorded a greater BIZ than the 2% CH. The greater BIZ against S. mutans was recorded by Tet. A comparable effect was found with 0.2% CH (75, 100) mg/ml of the RE against S. aureus. Greater BIZ for S. aureus and E. faecalis were reported for 100 mg/ml RE compared to the Tet and Met RE at 100 mg/ml inhibited the E. faecalis growth in a zone size comparable to the CH (0.2%, 2%).The RE with 50,100 mg/ml concentrations showed comparable antimicrobial effect to 0.2%, 2% concentrations of CH, respectively. As an herbal substitute for commercial disinfectants, the RE can be considered an effective final endodontic irrigant and dental mouthwash.

Antimicrobial management of dental infections: Updated review

“…Some dentists prescribe metronidazole with Amoxicillin to cover most likely pathogens, particularly anaerobic microorganisms, which usually inhabit the oral cavity. [54] Other dentists prefer using co-amoxiclav to broaden the spectrum to include penicillinase-producing bacteria. This preparation combines Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.…”

Antagonistic, synergistic, and additive antibacterial interaction between ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin against Staphylococcus aureus

“…This in vitro study evaluated the antibacterial interaction of the ciprofloxacin-amoxicillin combination versus S. aureus using the agar well diffusion technique, isobolographic statistical method, and the interaction index. The agar well diffusion method is widely used and accepted to determine the antimicrobial effect of drugs and natural extracts [12,13,[19][20][21][22]. S. aureus showed high susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.…”

“…This was an in vitro study performed in the Instituto de Investigaci on en Ciencias Médicas of the Departamento de Clínicas of the Divisi on de Ciencias Biomédicas of the Centro Universitario de los Altos of the Universidad de Guadalajara. The protocol was submitted and approved by the Colegio Departamental de Clínicas (Acta junio 21,[2021][2022]. The experiments were carried out according to the Handbook of Microbiology Laboratory Practices [10,11].…”

New insights of the application of water or ethanol-water plant extract rich in active compounds in food

“…Furthermore, roselle extract was used to prepare fortified goat-milk yogurt with anti-diabetic potency due to increased α-glucosidase inhibitory activity ( 183 ). It was also reported that roselle extract could suppress the growth of Escherichia coli and coliform bacteria in vitro and could be used in dairy products as an antibacterial agent and natural food colorant ( 178 , 201 ). Additionally, roselle extract can be used to replace artificial red colorants in food because it contains water-soluble anthocyanins, which can be used as a natural color additive ( 202 ).…”