Antimicrobial effect of two endemic Dominican plants on microorganisms that cause otitis

Abstract

SummaryIntroductionOtitis is a condition that typically results from infectious agents causing inflammation of the ear and its surrounding tissues. Common treatment involves the use of antimicrobial drugs to combat the infection and alleviate symptoms. However, the overuse of these medications has led to the development of antimicrobial resistance, limiting treatment options. Currently, there is growing interest in exploring the antimicrobial potential of medicinal plant extracts as an effective alternative to conventional drugs.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the antimicrobial capabilities of S. arborescens and S. bahorucana plants against microorganisms isolated from patients exhibiting clinical symptoms suggestive of otitis.Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional, in vitro experimental study was conducted, involving the preparation of extracts from Salvia arborescens and Salvia bahorucana using various organic solvents. We used a modified agar dilution method to test the antimicrobial activity against ATCC microorganisms and clinical strains. The phytochemical composition of the plants was determined using thin-layer chromatography (TLC).ResultsExtracts from S. arborescens exhibited a significant presence of flavonoids and saponins. In contrast, S. bahorucana extracts displayed mild to moderate traces of the analyzed phytochemicals. Both plant extracts demonstrated antimicrobial activity capable of inhibiting the growth of strains, including S. aureus ATCC, S. pyogenes ATCC, and P. aeruginosa ATCC. The ethanolic extracts exhibited satisfactory activity against clinical isolate strains, effectively inhibiting the growth of all tested microorganisms. Notably, the ethanolic extract of S. arborescens exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide a foundation for further research aimed at exploring the mechanisms of action and safety of medicinal plant extracts. This research may pave the way for potential clinical applications in the treatment of otitis and other infectious diseases.