Antimicrobial High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)/ZnO Nanocomposites Obtained by in situ Polymerization

Pavoski, Giovani; Kalikoski, Renan Rodrigues; Souza, Gustavo; Baldisserotto, Daniel Luiz Stamm; Brum, Luiz Fernando Wentz; Santos, Cristiane dos; Bergmann, Carlos Pérez; Brandelli, Adriano; Jacobi, Marly Antônia Maldaner; Galland, Griselda B.

doi:10.21577/0103-5053.20200042

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Based on the DSC analysis, the

of the polymer was estimated by integrating the area under the endothermic curve (in J/g). This allowed us to estimate the degree of crystallization (

), according to equation 1 [ 44 ], where the enthalpy of fusion used for 100% HDPE crystallization was 293 J mol −1 [ 45 ]:

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the Addition of Copper Particles in High-Density Recycled Polyethylene Matrices by Extrusion

et al. 2022

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In this study, the effect of the recycling process and copper particle incorporation on virgin and recycled pellet HDPE were investigated by thermo-chemical analysis, mechanical characterization, and antibacterial analysis. Copper particles were added to pellet HDPE, virgin and recycled, using a tabletop single screw extruder. Some copper particles, called copper nano-particles (Cu-NPs), had a spherical morphology and an average particle size near 20 nm. The others had a cubic morphology and an average particle size close to 300 nm, labeled copper nano-cubes (Cu-NCs). The thermo-chemical analysis revealed that the degree of crystallization was not influenced by the recycling process: 55.38 % for virgin HDPE and 56.01% for recycled HDPE. The degree of crystallization decreased with the addition of the copper particles. Possibly due to a modification in the structure, packaging organization, and crystalline ordering, the recycled HDPE reached a degree of crystallization close to 44.78% with 0.5 wt.% copper nano-particles and close to 36.57% for the recycled HDPE modified with 0.7 wt.% Cu-NCs. Tensile tests revealed a slight reduction in the tensile strength related to the recycling process, being close to 26 MPa for the virgin HDPE and 15.99 MPa for the recycled HDPE, which was improved by adding copper particles, which were near 25.39 MPa for 0.7 wt.% copper nano-cubes. Antibacterial analysis showed a reduction in the viability of E. coli in virgin HDPE samples, which was close to 8% for HDPE containing copper nano-particles and lower than 2% for HDPE having copper nano-cubes. In contrast, the recycled HDPE revealed viability close to 95% for HDPE with copper nano-particles and nearly 50% for HDPE with copper nano-cubes. The viability of S. aureus for HDPE was lower than containing copper nano-particles and copper nano-cubes, which increased dramatically close to 80% for recycled HDPE with copper nano-particles 80% and 75% with copper nano-cubes.

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“…Based on the DSC analysis, the

of the polymer was estimated by integrating the area under the endothermic curve (in J/g). This allowed us to estimate the degree of crystallization (

), according to equation 1 [ 44 ], where the enthalpy of fusion used for 100% HDPE crystallization was 293 J mol −1 [ 45 ]:

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the Addition of Copper Particles in High-Density Recycled Polyethylene Matrices by Extrusion

et al. 2022

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“…For ionic zinc, no observed adverse effect level was established at 50 mg/day, and an upper limit of 25 mg/person per day was recommended [ 28 ]. The scientific literature highlights the antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs against model pathogens, both Gram- positive or Gram-negative strains [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Packaging for Plum Tomatoes Based on ZnO Modified Low-Density Polyethylene

Motelica,

Ficai,

Oprea

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Food safety and quality are major concerns in the food industry. Despite numerous studies, polyethylene remains one of the most used materials for packaging due to industry reluctance to invest in new technologies and equipment. Therefore, modifications to the current materials are easier to implement than adopting whole new solutions. Antibacterial activity can be induced in low-density polyethylene films only by adding antimicrobial agents. ZnO nanoparticles are well known for their strong antimicrobial activity, coupled with low toxicity and UV shielding capability. These characteristics recommend ZnO for the food industry. By incorporating such safe and dependable antimicrobial agents in the polyethylene matrix, we have obtained composite films able to inhibit microorganisms’ growth that can be used as packaging materials. Here we report the obtaining of highly homogenous composite films with up to 5% ZnO by a melt mixing process at 150 °C for 10 min. The composite films present good transparency in the visible domain, permitting consumers to visualize the food, but have good UV barrier properties. The composite films exhibit good antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity from the lowest ZnO composition (1%), against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The homogenous dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles into the polyethylene matrix was assessed by Fourier transform infrared microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The optimal mechanical barrier properties were obtained for composition with 3% ZnO. The thermal analysis indicates that the addition of ZnO nanoparticles has increased thermal stability by more than 100 °C. The UV-Vis spectra indicate a low transmittance in the UV domain, lower than 5%, making the films suitable for blocking photo-oxidation processes. The obtained films proved to be efficient packaging films, successfully preserving plum (Rome) tomatoes for up to 14 days.

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“…Nano ller adding has been approved as an applicable method to reduce dielectric characteristics of certain polymeric substrates [3,4,6,11,[13][14][15][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] . Incorporation polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) hybrid introduced into uorinated poly(ether ether ketone ketone) (FPEEK) polymers can considerably reduce their dielectric constants [19] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ε r value was considerably lower than that of PEKK/nano-SiO 2 with 10wt% SiO 2 nano llers [26] . Some researches [17,18,20,24,25] suggested that the signi cant decrease in ε r values for polymer/nano ller compounds is owing to the small ε r of nano llers and/or existent air holes having small ε r (~ 1.0). Some researchers [13,22] proposed that the evident interfacial effect derived from dispersed nano llers could interact, restrain the agility of polar groups in polymer chains, and, hence diminish the polarizability and ε r values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(ether ketone ketone)/Silica nanotubes substrate films and their Sixth Generation Communciation performance

Lei,

Ma,

Hsu

et al. 2024

J Polym Res

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Silica hollow tube (SHT) nano llers were ne distributed over poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) to serve decently as sixth generation (6G) substrate lms. Distinctly lower dielectric and thermal expansion characteristics were detected for all PEKK ax SHT y lm sequence lled with proper amounts of SHT nano llers. The dielectric characteristics detected for all PEKK ax SHT y lm sequence diminished to a minimum, as the SHT loads came near an optimal value of 8wt%. The LCTE evaluated for each PEKK ax SHT y lm sequence reduced distinctly with increasing SHT loads. Suitable dielectric constant (e r ) (2.26 at 1 MHz), and/or dielectric loss (tan d) (0.0027 at 1 MHz) and/or Linear coe cient of thermal expansion (LCTE) (30.5×10 -6 / o C) for 6G rapid-speed communication were detected for PEKK P7000 92 SHT 8 substrate lm having 8wt% load of SHT nano llers. Meanwhile, the beginning degradation temperatures estimated for all PEKK ax SHT y lm sequence increased distinctly with increasing SHT loads. All freevolume-cavity characteristics estimated for all PEKK ax SHT y lm sequence approached a highest value, as SHT loads came near an optimal value of 8wt%. Distinctly lower e r and tan d were detected for PEKK a and PEKK ax SHT y having higher free-volume-cavity characteristics. Possible interpretations for the distinctly diminished dielectric and/or heat-resistant characteristics acquired for PEKK ax SHT y lms are presented.

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Antimicrobial High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)/ZnO Nanocomposites Obtained by in situ Polymerization

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

The Effect of the Addition of Copper Particles in High-Density Recycled Polyethylene Matrices by Extrusion

The Effect of the Addition of Copper Particles in High-Density Recycled Polyethylene Matrices by Extrusion

Antimicrobial Packaging for Plum Tomatoes Based on ZnO Modified Low-Density Polyethylene

Poly(ether ketone ketone)/Silica nanotubes substrate films and their Sixth Generation Communciation performance

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