Antimicrobial peptide defensin: Identification of novel isoforms and the characterization of their physiological roles and their significance in the pathogenesis of diseases

Yamaguchi, Yasuhiro; Ouchi, Yasuyoshi

doi:10.2183/pjab.88.152

Cited by 56 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…They display strong chemotactic activity toward immune cells, activating and amplifying the adaptive immune response. Moreover, hBDs exert antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of bacteria and viruses, through binding to the plasma membrane of pathogens and subsequent pore formation (Dhople et al, 2006;Semple and Dorin, 2012;Yamaguchi and Ouchi, 2012;Sudheendra et al, 2014). To date, more than 6 hBDs have been identified but the best characterized are hBD1-4 (Jarczak et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Protein 4F2/CD98 Is a Cell Surface Receptor Involved in the Internalization and Trafficking of Human β-Defensin 3 in Epithelial Cells

Colavita

Nigro

Sarnataro

et al. 2015

Chemistry & Biology

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Human β-defensins play a pivotal role in the innate immune response. Although expressed by and acting at epithelial surfaces, little is known about their specific interaction with epithelial structures. Here, we identify the transmembrane protein CD98 as a cell surface receptor involved in the internalization of human β-defensin 3 (hBD3) in human epithelial A549 cells. CD98 and hBD3 extensively colocalize on the basolateral domain of A549. While verifying their direct binding by fluorescence resonance energy transfer and surface plasmon resonance, we mapped the interaction to CD98 residues 304-414, i.e. to the region known to interact with the proteins of intestinal bacteria during colonic invasion. Treatment of A549 cells with hBD3 dramatically reduces CD98 expression and conversely, knockdown of CD98 expression impairs hBD3 cell surface binding and internalization. Competition for bacterial binding to CD98 and downregulation of CD98 expression may represent novel mechanisms for the antibacterial activity of hBD3.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Protein 4F2/CD98 Is a Cell Surface Receptor Involved in the Internalization and Trafficking of Human β-Defensin 3 in Epithelial Cells

Colavita

Nigro

Sarnataro

et al. 2015

Chemistry & Biology

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“…Human beta-defensins (hBD) are elementally revealed in epithelial cells, while alpha-defensin are predominantly expressed in neutrophils [17]. Segregated in terms of their cysteine motifs, dually both of them share a homogenous secondary structure, and are opulent in cationic residues [18,19]. In the α-defensin subfamily, four of the six α-defensins, human neutrophil peptide -1, -2, -3, and -4, are fabricated and gathered in neutrophil granules while the other two α-defensins, HD-5 and -6, are synthesized and stored in the granules of paneth cells, specialized epithelial cells at the crypts of Lieberkuhn of the small intestine [17,20,21].…”

Section: Defensinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Microbial Peptides and Their Speculative Role in Periodontitis

Ved¹,

Fernandes²

2017

BJSTR

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“…Yasuhiro et al, [15] and Wynn et al, [16] stated that physiological low levels of the innate immune system (e.g., complement proteins including mannose-binding lectin) increases the susceptibility to infections in preterm neonates.…”

Section: Citationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cord Human Beta Defensin-2 as an Early Predictor of Late onset Neonatal Sepsis

Aziz¹,

Kamel²,

Saedii³

et al. 2016

Int J Pediatr Neonat Care

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Background: Neonatal sepsis is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period. Late onset sepsis (LOS) is defined as infection occurring after 1 week of life and is often more insidious in onset. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides (APPs) were found to be lower in newborns than in adults. Although APPs could be important to protect newborns from infections during the first weeks of life, upregulation of human beta defensin 2(HBD2) might be reduced in preterm infants due to the immaturity of the immune system.HBD-2 is particularly effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, such as E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. Aim of the work:The aim of this work is to detect and evaluatecord blood HBD2 in late onset sepsis in preterm, near-term and full term neonates.Methods: This is aclinical comparative follow up study, carried out on 120 neonates; 40 preterm neonates (group I), 40 near term (group II), 40 full term (group III). All neonates were subjected to clinical examination, laboratory investigations; CBC, CRP, cord blood HBD2 and serum HβD2 during the first 30 days follow up.Results: the cord blood levels of HβD2, showed the lowest level in group Ifollowed by group II and the highest level was in group III. The cutoff point of cord blood HβD2 for prediction of LOS was determined for each group. Conclusion: Low level of HBD2 in cord blood is accompanied with increased incidence of LOS in neonates especially in preterm and low birth weight neonates than in full term ones. Cord Human Beta Defensin-2 as an Early Predictor of Late onset Neonatal Sepsis Keywords:Late onset sepsis, Neonates, CordHβD2 Research Article Open Access IntroductionNeonatal sepsis is a type of neonatal infection and refers to the presence of a bacterial blood stream infection (BSI) (such as meningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis) and it is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period [1].Preterm neonates are at risk of suffering from severe infections particularly in the first month of life due to their low immunity against infections. Immaturity of the immune system makes neonatal sepsis more common in preterm than full term and in Caesarean Section (CS) than spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) [2].Early onset sepsis (EOS) is defined as the onset of sepsis during the first 3 days of life and is mostly caused by vertical transmission of bacteria from the mother to her infant during the intrapartum period [3]. Late onset sepsis (LOS) is defined as infection that occurs during the first week of life and is caused by the transmission of pathogens acquired postnatally and is often more insidious in onset [4].Antimicrobial proteins and peptides (APPs) are cationic molecules that are released by neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. APPs are also produced within the skin and at mucosal surfaces by epithelial cells in the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tract. They are present in the body fluids, including saliva, tears, nasal secre...

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Antimicrobial peptide defensin: Identification of novel isoforms and the characterization of their physiological roles and their significance in the pathogenesis of diseases

Cited by 56 publications

References 87 publications

Membrane Protein 4F2/CD98 Is a Cell Surface Receptor Involved in the Internalization and Trafficking of Human β-Defensin 3 in Epithelial Cells

Membrane Protein 4F2/CD98 Is a Cell Surface Receptor Involved in the Internalization and Trafficking of Human β-Defensin 3 in Epithelial Cells

Anti-Microbial Peptides and Their Speculative Role in Periodontitis

Cord Human Beta Defensin-2 as an Early Predictor of Late onset Neonatal Sepsis

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