Antimicrobial peptides derived from microalgae for combating antibiotic resistance: Current status and prospects

Abstract

Microalgae are photosynthetic cell factories that produce a spectrum of bioactive compounds extensively used for various applications. Owing to the increase in antibiotic resistance among microbial pathogens, there is a significant thrust for identifying new treatment strategies, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) generation is one such method. These AMPs have multiple roles and are active against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Such peptides synthesized in microalgae have a significant role in medical application, managing aquaculture-associated diseases, and the food industry. To increase their effectiveness and novel peptides, genetically modified microalgae are used as cell factories. With the advancement of new technologies like the CRISPR-Cas system, new avenues are opened for developing novel AMPs using microalgae. This review gives us insight into the various AMPs produced by microalgae and multiple technologies involved in creating such therapeutically essential molecules.

Applications of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in antimicrobial peptides field: Current state and new applications

“…1 ). In addition to the well-established peptide chemical extraction methods, there are emerging protein and peptide extraction methods such as microwave-assisted extraction, pulsed electric field, and ultrasound-assisted tooth extraction [ 114 ]. However, these methods are rarely used in currently studies.…”

Antimicrobial Activity of Arthrospira (Former Spirulina) and Dunaliella Related to Recognized Antimicrobial Bioactive Compounds

“…While this does raise safety issues associated with commercial spirulina products, the potential of microcystin as an antibacterial agent can be explored [79], similarly to how they are explored as cancer drugs [86]. Antibacterial peptides are mainly cyanopeptides, meaning they are mostly in cyanobacteria, such as Oscillatoriales and Nostocales [69,87]. Apart from microcystin, few antibacterial peptides have been isolated from A. platensis [88,89].…”

Microalgae Technology in Aquaculture Applications: A Comprehensive Literature Review

“…Additionally, there are some research gaps include understanding nutrient assimilation (Kosten et al, 2020;X. Yang et al, 2020)., algal-bacterial cooperation (Falaise et al, 2016), economic assessments (Soto-Sánchez et al, 2023), biomass harvesting optimization (BASHIR et al, 2022), scaling production (Han et al, 2019), strain selection, and region-specific studies (Ayswaria et al, 2023). Advancements like natural antibiotics, improved biomass production, genetic engineering, economic assessments, biomass valorization, algal-bacterial interactions, and disease prevention applications hold potential to enhance microalgae technology for sustainable aquaculture (Y.…”