Antimicrobial peptides originating from expression libraries of<i>Aurelia aurita</i>and<i>Mnemiopsis leidyi</i>prevent biofilm formation of opportunistic pathogens

Ladewig, Lisa; Gloy, Leon; Langfeldt, Daniela; Pinnow, Nicole; Weiland‐Bräuer, Nancy; Schmitz, Ruth A.

doi:10.1101/2023.03.02.530746

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Consequently, we aimed to identify host-derived QQ activities. An expressed sequence tag (EST) library from A. aurita polyps-derived mRNA was constructed in E. coli SoluBL21 ( Ladewig et al, 2023 ). The library consisted of 29,952 clones with an insertion efficiency of approx.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First insights into the Aurelia aurita transcriptome response upon manipulation of its microbiome

Weiland-Bräuer,

Koutsouveli,

Langfeldt

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThe associated diverse microbiome contributes to the overall fitness of Aurelia aurita, particularly to asexual reproduction. However, how A. aurita maintains this specific microbiome or reacts to manipulations is unknown.MethodsIn this report, the response of A. aurita to manipulations of its native microbiome was studied by a transcriptomics approach. Microbiome-manipulated polyps were generated by antibiotic treatment and challenging polyps with a non-native, native, and potentially pathogenic bacterium. Total RNA extraction followed by RNAseq resulted in over 155 million reads used for a de novo assembly.ResultsThe transcriptome analysis showed that the antibiotic-induced change and resulting reduction of the microbiome significantly affected the host transcriptome, e.g., genes involved in processes related to immune response and defense mechanisms were highly upregulated. Similarly, manipulating the microbiome by challenging the polyp with a high load of bacteria (2 × 107 cells/polyp) resulted in induced transcription of apoptosis-, defense-, and immune response genes. A second focus was on host-derived quorum sensing interference as a potential defense strategy. Quorum Quenching (QQ) activities and the respective encoding QQ-ORFs of A. aurita were identified by functional screening a cDNA-based expression library generated in Escherichia coli. Corresponding sequences were identified in the transcriptome assembly. Moreover, gene expression analysis revealed differential expression of QQ genes depending on the treatment, strongly suggesting QQ as an additional defense strategy.DiscussionOverall, this study allows first insights into A. aurita’s response to manipulating its microbiome, thus paving the way for an in-depth analysis of the basal immune system and additional fundamental defense strategies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First insights into the Aurelia aurita transcriptome response upon manipulation of its microbiome

Weiland-Bräuer,

Koutsouveli,

Langfeldt

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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First insights into theAurelia auritatranscriptome response upon manipulation of its microbiome

Weiland‐Bräuer

Koutsouveli

Langfeldt

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The associated diverse microbiome contributes to the overall fitness ofAurelia aurita, particularly to asexual reproduction. However, howA. auritamaintains this specific microbiome or reacts to manipulations is unknown. In this report, the response ofA. auritato manipulations of its native microbiome was studied by a transcriptomics approach. Microbiome-manipulated polyps were generated by antibiotic treatment and challenging polyps with a non-native, native, and potentially pathogenic bacterium. Total RNA extraction followed by RNAseq resulted in over 155 million reads used for ade novoassembly. The transcriptome analysis showed that the antibiotic-induced change and resulting reduction of the microbiome significantly affected the host transcriptome, e.g., genes involved in processes related to immune response and defense mechanisms were highly upregulated. Similarly, manipulating the microbiome by challenging the polyp with a high load of bacteria (2 × 107cells/polyp) resulted in induced transcription of apoptosis-, defense-, and immune response genes. A second focus was on host-derived quorum sensing interference as a potential defense strategy. Quorum Quenching (QQ) activities and the respective encoding QQ-ORFs ofA. auritawere identified by functional screening a cDNA-based expression library generated inEscherichia coli. Corresponding sequences were identified in the transcriptome assembly. Moreover, gene expression analysis revealed differential expression of QQ genes depending on the treatment, strongly suggesting QQ as an additional defense strategy. Overall, this study allows first insights intoA. aurita’sresponse to manipulating its microbiome, thus paving the way for an in-depth analysis of the basal immune system and additional fundamental defense strategies.

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A Comprehensive Review of Recent Research into the Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides on Biofilms—January 2020 to September 2023

Fontanot,

Ellinger,

Unger

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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Microbial biofilm formation creates a persistent and resistant environment in which microorganisms can survive, contributing to antibiotic resistance and chronic inflammatory diseases. Increasingly, biofilms are caused by multi-drug resistant microorganisms, which, coupled with a diminishing supply of effective antibiotics, is driving the search for new antibiotic therapies. In this respect, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short, hydrophobic, and amphipathic peptides that show activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria and biofilm formation. They also possess broad-spectrum activity and diverse mechanisms of action. In this comprehensive review, 150 publications (from January 2020 to September 2023) were collected and categorized using the search terms ‘polypeptide antibiotic agent’, ‘antimicrobial peptide’, and ‘biofilm’. During this period, a wide range of natural and synthetic AMPs were studied, of which LL-37, polymyxin B, GH12, and Nisin were the most frequently cited. Furthermore, although many microbes were studied, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most popular. Publications also considered AMP combinations and the potential role of AMP delivery systems in increasing the efficacy of AMPs, including nanoparticle delivery. Relatively few publications focused on AMP resistance. This comprehensive review informs and guides researchers about the latest developments in AMP research, presenting promising evidence of the role of AMPs as effective antimicrobial agents.

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Antimicrobial peptides originating from expression libraries ofAurelia auritaandMnemiopsis leidyiprevent biofilm formation of opportunistic pathogens

Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

First insights into the Aurelia aurita transcriptome response upon manipulation of its microbiome

First insights into the Aurelia aurita transcriptome response upon manipulation of its microbiome

First insights into theAurelia auritatranscriptome response upon manipulation of its microbiome

A Comprehensive Review of Recent Research into the Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides on Biofilms—January 2020 to September 2023

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