Antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery

Chung, R.-H.; Bivins, Brack A.

doi:10.1016/0278-2316(91)90024-t

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…About 50,000 hip replacements (and as many knees) are performed every year in the UK, and 193,000 are performed in the USA for osteoarthritis (3). Infective complications occur in 2-6% of patients following prosthetic joint replacement of the hip (4) and 0.7-9% following knee arthroplasty (5)(6)(7). In parallel, also the number of medications to treat and even prevent these diseases has expanded significantly in recent years (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic–Inorganic Composites for Bone Drug Delivery

Soundrapandian

Datta

2009

AAPS PharmSciTech

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Abstract. This review paper attempts to provide an overview in the fabrication and application of organic-inorganic based composites in the field of local drug delivery for bone. The concept of local drug delivery exists for a few decades. However, local drug delivery in bone and specially application of composites for delivery of drugs to bone is an area for potential research interest in the recent time. The advantages attained by an organic-inorganic composite when compared to its individual components include their ability to release drug, adopting to the natural environment and supporting local area until complete bone regeneration, which make them carriers of interest for local drug delivery for bone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic–Inorganic Composites for Bone Drug Delivery

Soundrapandian

Datta

2009

AAPS PharmSciTech

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Comparative Multicenter Trial of Teicoplanin versus Cefazolin for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Prosthetic Joint Implant Surgery

Periti¹,

Stringa

Mini

1999

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology &Amp; Infectious Diseases

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A randomized multicenter study was carried out in 12 centers in Italy to compare administration of a single dose of teicoplanin (400 mg i.v. bolus at time of anesthesia) versus that of five doses of cefazolin over a 24-h period (2 g at induction of anesthesia and 1 g every 6 h postoperatively, i.v. bolus) as antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty. Of 860 patients enrolled, 427 received teicoplanin and 433 cefazolin. A total of 846 patients (422 teicoplanin and 424 cefazolin) were evaluable for safety and 826 patients for efficacy. Six patients (1.5%) in the teicoplanin group and seven patients (1.7%) in the cefazolin group developed a surgical wound infection during their postoperative hospital stay: this difference was not significant. Proven or suspected infections involving other body systems occurred in 114 patients (57 in each group). Seven hundred ninety-two patients completed a 3-month evaluation and 738 patients a 12-month evaluation: the success rates in evaluable patients at these observation times were 99.2% and 99.7% for teicoplanin and 99.2% and 99.7% for cefazolin, respectively. Adverse events occurred in three (0.7%) teicoplanin patients and nine (2.1%) cefazolin patients (P = 0.083). A single preoperative dose of teicoplanin ensures adequate surgical antisepsis, with results comparable to a standard multiple-dose regimen of cefazolin.

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Antimicrobial prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery: the role of teicoplanin

Periti¹,

Mini²,

Mosconi³

1998

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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Orthopaedic joint replacement is generally considered 'clean' surgery characterized by a low incidence of infection. In recent years the use of a clean theatre environment, high local concentrations of antibiotic in the cement and systemic antibiotic prophylaxis have been recognized as important measures to reduce infection rates significantly, and this has been supported by clinical trials. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis cause at least half of all orthopaedic surgical infections. Gram-negative bacilli are involved to a much lesser extent (10-30%). First- and second-generation cephalosporins are currently considered by most authors as standard prophylaxis in elective orthopaedic surgery. In the light of the increasing incidence of methicillin resistance in coagulase-positive and -negative staphylococci, it is becoming more important for antibiotics to act efficiently against such organisms if they are to be of value in prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery. A combined, single-dose of vancomycin/gentamicin has been used successfully in an open, controlled study in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty but, given the disadvantages associated with the use of vancomycin, teicoplanin may be an alternative choice in such procedures. This review analyses four comparative trials of the efficacy and safety of teicoplanin, two with cefamandole, one with cefuroxime and one with cephazolin, as prophylaxis in orthopaedic total joint replacement surgery.

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Antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Organic–Inorganic Composites for Bone Drug Delivery

Organic–Inorganic Composites for Bone Drug Delivery

Comparative Multicenter Trial of Teicoplanin versus Cefazolin for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Prosthetic Joint Implant Surgery

Antimicrobial prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery: the role of teicoplanin

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