Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilm Formation Capacity of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Strains Isolated from Poultry and Humans in Poland

Ćwiek, Katarzyna; Korzekwa, Kamila; Tabiś, Aleksandra; Bania, Jacek; Bugla-Płoskońska, Gabriela; Wieliczko, Alina

doi:10.3390/pathogens9080643

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Salmonella enterica bacteria represent the main foodborne pathogens that are responsible for enteric infections and food poisoning [2]. In addition to the disseminated antibacterial resistance among S. enterica isolates, they can form biofilms and synthesize many cell surface components [3]. Biofilms are structured communities of one or more species of bacteria embedded in a self-produced polymeric matrix attached to either biotic or abiotic surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiarrheal and Antibacterial Activities of Monterey Cypress Phytochemicals: In Vivo and In Vitro Approach

et al. 2022

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Monterey cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa) is a decorative plant; however, it possesses various pharmacological activities. Therefore, we explored the phytochemical profile of C. macrocarpa root methanol extract (CRME) for the first time. Moreover, we investigated its antidiarrheal (in vivo), antibacterial, and antibiofilm (in vitro) activities against Salmonella enterica clinical isolates. The LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of CRME detected the presence of 39 compounds, besides isolation of 2,3,2″,3″-tetrahydro-4′-O-methyl amentoflavone, amentoflavone, and dihydrokaempferol-3-O-α-l-rhamnoside for the first time. Dihydrokaempferol-3-O-α-l-rhamnoside presented the highest antimicrobial activity and the range of values of MICs against S. enterica isolates was from 64 to 256 µg/mL. The antidiarrheal activity of CRME was investigated by induction of diarrhea using castor oil, and exhibited a significant reduction in diarrhea and defecation frequency at all doses, enteropooling (at 400 mg/kg), and gastrointestinal motility (at 200, 400 mg/kg) in mice. The antidiarrheal index of CRME increased in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of CRME on various membrane characters of S. enterica was studied after typing the isolates by ERIC-PCR. Its impact on efflux and its antibiofilm activity were inspected. The biofilm morphology was observed using light and scanning electron microscopes. The effect on efflux activity and biofilm formation was further elucidated using qRT-PCR. A significant increase in inner and outer membrane permeability and a significant decrease in integrity and depolarization (using flow cytometry) were detected with variable percentages. Furthermore, a significant reduction in efflux and biofilm formation was observed. Therefore, CRME could be a promising source for treatment of gastrointestinal tract diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiarrheal and Antibacterial Activities of Monterey Cypress Phytochemicals: In Vivo and In Vitro Approach

et al. 2022

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“…The highest resistance in the case of streptogramins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, penicillins; the lowest in the case of nitrofurantoin and chloramphenicol; E. faecalis strains were more resistant than the E. faecium; presence of multidrug resistance of isolates - Cybulska and Krzyśko-Łupicka 2020 (PL) environmental samples from chicken broilers, turkey broilers and laying hens; 51 isolates from 2 veterinary laboratories originated from livestock environment; n/a Salmonella enterica ser. Enteritidis minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC); molecular methods all isolates susceptible to gentamicin, tazobactam, cefotaxime, meropenem, azithromycin, tigecycline and trimethoprim, ampicillin, 84.3% isolates resistant to colistin, 56.9% to sulfamethoxazole; 41.2% to nalidixic acid, 21.6% to tetracycline, 3.9% to chloramphenicol, 2.0% to ciprofloxacin 14 isolates showing multidrug resistance; resistance genes: flo R (51.0%), bla TEM (35.3%), bla PSE (5.9%), tet A (37.3%), tet B (17.6%), tet C (2.0%), tet G (3.9%), cat 1 (11.8%) Ćwiek et al 2020 (PL) feed samples provided as part of official controls; 452 animal feed samples (complete feedingstuff, premixtures, concentrates, feed additives, and water, 126 flush material samples (mixtures or feed materials used to flush the production line after producing a batch of medicated feed); n/a n/a agar well diffusion method (microbiological diffusion screening method based on the growth inhibition of selected test strains) antibacterial substances confirmed in 185 samples (57 samples of flush material, 127 samples of feed, 1 sample of water) - Przeniosło-Siwczyńska and Kwiatek 2013b (PL) poultry and pig farms samples from, animal feed, and sources, such as food and sewage sludge n/a 560 Salmonella isolates; 42 different serotypes of Salmonella ATBVET diagnostic kits 12.9% of isolates susceptible to all 28 antimicrobial substances; resistance in 488 (87.1%) of isolates; 37.3% strains resistant to few antimicrobial substances; 49.8% strains were multiresistant; bacteria originating from pigs showed more resistance than from poultry and feed samples; Multidrug resistance observed in the majority of S. Typhimurium...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria on animal farms and in their vicinity in Poland and Ukraine—review

Jeżak

Kozajda

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Intensive animal farming emits to the environment very high concentrations of bioaerosol, mainly composed of microorganisms, including antibiotics resistant strains, and their derivatives. Poland is a significant producer of poultry and swine in Europe; Ukraine is located in the immediate vicinity of Poland and the EU. Thus, the review focuses on the presence of potentially pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant zoonotic bacteria and antimicrobial genes in the environment of farms and food of animal origin in Poland and Ukraine. Existing data confirms presence of these bacteria in the food animal origin chain environment in both countries. However, it is difficult to compare the scale of multidrug-resistant bacteria (e.g. MRSA, ESBL) dissemination in Poland and Ukraine with other EU countries due to lack of more extensive studies and large-scale monitoring in these two countries. A series of studies concerning resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from livestock environment have been published in Poland but usually on single farms with a very limited number of samples, and without a genotypic drug resistance marking. From Ukraine are available only few reports, but also disturbing. The risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria transmission does not only concern animal farming, but also other facilities of animal origin food supply chains, especially slaughterhouses.

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“…These genes were chosen as a molecular resistance mechanism of E. coli to the selected antimicrobials used for antimicrobial susceptibility tests in this study. Sequenced PCR products of resistance genes, collected during previous studies, were used as positive controls in this study [ 41 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of mcr-1-positive multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli ST93, ST117, ST156, ST10, and ST744 isolated from poultry in Poland

et al. 2021

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Background A plasmid-mediated mechanism of bacterial resistance to polymyxin is a serious threat to public health worldwide. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes and to conduct the molecular characterization of mcr-positive Escherichia coli strains isolated from Polish poultry. Methods In this study, 318 E. coli strains were characterized by the prevalence of mcr1–mcr5 genes, antimicrobial susceptibility testing by minimal inhibitory concentration method, the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes was screened by PCR, and the biofilm formation ability was tested using the crystal violet staining method. Genetic relatedness of mcr-1-positive E. coli strains was evaluated by multilocus sequence typing method. Results Among the 318 E. coli isolates, 17 (5.35%) harbored the mcr-1 gene. High antimicrobial resistance rates were observed for ampicillin (100%), tetracycline (88.24%), and chloramphenicol (82.35%). All mcr-1-positive E. coli strains were multidrug-resistant, and as many as 88.24% of the isolates contained the blaTEM gene, tetracycline (tetA and tetB), and sulfonamide (sul1, sul2, and sul3) resistance genes. Additionally, 41.18% of multidrug-resistant, mcr-1-positive E. coli isolates were moderate biofilm producers, while the rest of the strains showed weak biofilm production. Nine different sequence types were identified, and the dominant ST was ST93 (29.41%), followed by ST117 (17.65%), ST156 (11.76%), ST 8979 (11.76%), ST744 (5.88%), and ST10 (5.88%). Moreover, the new ST was identified in this study. Conclusions Our results showed a low occurrence of mcr-1-positive E. coli strains isolated from Polish poultry; however, all the isolated strains were resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents and were able to form biofilms at low or medium level.

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Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilm Formation Capacity of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Strains Isolated from Poultry and Humans in Poland

Cited by 27 publications

References 61 publications

Antidiarrheal and Antibacterial Activities of Monterey Cypress Phytochemicals: In Vivo and In Vitro Approach

Antidiarrheal and Antibacterial Activities of Monterey Cypress Phytochemicals: In Vivo and In Vitro Approach

Occurrence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria on animal farms and in their vicinity in Poland and Ukraine—review

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of mcr-1-positive multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli ST93, ST117, ST156, ST10, and ST744 isolated from poultry in Poland

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