Antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors in Escherichia coli from swedish dairy calves

Verdier, Kerstin de; Nyman, Ann-Kristin; Greko, Christina; Bengtsson, Björn

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-54-2

Cited by 68 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We also discovered resistant strains with genes, such as bla CTX-M-1 and qnrS together with virulence factors iss, iut and pap. It is generally known that virulence genes are more common in E. coli resistant to one or more antimicrobials than in fully-susceptible isolates (De Verdier et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of β-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance, and virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens in Slovakia

Drugdova

Kmet

2012

Biologia

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The incidence of infections due to organisms resistant to β-lactam antibiotics has increased sharply in recent years. The goal of this study was to investigate the β-lactam resistance in 151 Escherichia coli strains isolated from chickens over a two-year period. Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were present in 24 strains (16%), ESBL phenotype was identified by interpretative reading of minimal inhibitory concentration values of ceftriaxon (CRT ≥ 7.1 mg/L), ceftazidime (CAZ ≥ 3.4 mg/L) and ceftiofur (CFF ≥ 8.7 mg/L). PCR detection revealed the presence of the blaCMY-2 gene and CTX-M-1 group. We detected high resistance to ampicillin (92%), streptomycin (63%), tetracyclin (70%), ceftiofur (40%), floroquinolones (enrofloxacin 68%, ciprofloxacin 62%), florfenicol (18%), chloramphenicol (21%) and cotrimoxazol (43%). We also investigated the presence of virulence factors and mobile genetic elements, and performed plasmid replicon typing in 24 selected strains. The most prevalent integrase among the isolates was the integrase 1 with gene cassettes dfrA, aadA and genes sul1 and sul2. Plasmid mediated quinolone resistances (qnrS) were also detected in two strains. Plasmid typing showed that the Y and IncI1 were dominant plasmid replicons. The genes iss, kpsII, tsh, iutA were the most frequently detected virulence genes in ESBL-positive strains. These results demonstrate that broilers in Slovakian food markets and farms could be the source of ESBL-producing E. coli, as well as virulent and resistant strains representing a potential risk for the human population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of β-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance, and virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens in Slovakia

Drugdova

Kmet

2012

Biologia

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“…Antibiotic use is associated with increased antibiotic resistance (16,17), and antibiotics are frequently used to treat diarrhea and other conditions in humans (14) and animals (15), but gen-erally only when symptoms occur. Therefore, strains with great pathogenicity-those that are more likely to cause symptoms following colonization-have a higher probability of being exposed to antibiotic therapy than nonpathogenic strains and have a higher probability of developing resistance.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Selection Pressure and Genetic Association on the Relationship between Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence in Escherichia coli

Zhang

Lévy

Trueba

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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e Antibiotic selection pressure and genetic associations may lead to the cooccurrence of resistance and virulence in individual pathogens. However, there is a lack of rigorous epidemiological evidence that demonstrates the cooccurrence of resistance and virulence at the population level. Using samples from a population-based case-control study in 25 villages in rural Ecuador, we characterized resistance to 12 antibiotics among pathogenic (n ‫؍‬ 86) and commensal (n ‫؍‬ 761) Escherichia coli isolates, classified by the presence or absence of known diarrheagenic virulence factor genes. The prevalences of resistance to single and multiple antibiotics were significantly higher for pathogenic isolates than for commensal isolates. Using a generalized estimating equation, antibiotic resistance was independently associated with virulence factor carriage, case status, and antibiotic use (for these respective factors: odds ratio [OR] ‫؍‬ 3.0, with a 95% confidence interval [CI] of 1.7 to 5.1; OR ‫؍‬ 2.0, with a 95% CI of 1.3 to 3.0; and OR ‫؍‬ 1.5, with a 95% CI of 0.9 to 2.5). Virulence factor carriage was more strongly related to antibiotic resistance than antibiotic use for all antibiotics examined, with the exception of fluoroquinolones, gentamicin, and cefotaxime. This study provides epidemiological evidence that antibiotic resistance and virulence factor carriage are linked in E. coli populations in a community setting. Further, these data suggest that while the cooccurrence of resistance and virulence in E. coli is partially due to antibiotic selection pressure, it is also genetically determined. These findings should be considered in developing strategies for treating infections and controlling for antibiotic resistance.A ntimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem, identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the most pressing issues in global health (1). In the United States, more than 2 million people per year acquire bacterial infections that are resistant to antibiotics, resulting in at least 23,000 deaths and expenditures of 20 to 35 billion dollars annually (2). Elsewhere, losses to the gross domestic product (GDP) from antibiotic resistance are estimated to be 0.4% to 1.6% (3). Antibiotic resistance can occur in any bacteria but is of direct concern among pathogens, because of the resulting increased duration of care, cost of treatment, morbidity, and mortality (4, 5). Although selection due to antibiotic use is considered a major factor associated with increased antibiotic resistance among pathogens, studies on the molecular mechanisms of resistance and virulence suggest a genetic association. For example, genes for both resistance and virulence can be colocalized in the genome, indicating coselection (6). While these mostly laboratory-based studies suggest a plausible ecological and biological link, there is a lack of rigorous epidemiological evidence demonstrating this link between antibiotic resistance and virulence in human populations.Pathogenic Escherichia coli and shigel...

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“…It involves significant economic loss for labor and capital, calf mortality, loss in calf value and veterinary costs [1,2]. The pre-weaning mortality of dairy calves was estimated by the National Animal Health Monitoring System in the United States at 10.8% with diarrhea responsible for more than half of those deaths [1,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Aspects and Novel Approach for Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Diarrheal Calves using Silver, Gold and Copper Nanoparticles

Behiry¹

2014

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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This study was performed to identify various bacteria from feces of calves suffering from diarrhea, and to determine in vitro antimicrobial activity of silver, gold and copper nanoparticles against the antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from fecal samples. Fecal samples were collected from 153 diarrheic calves and primarily tested for the presence of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus using bacteriological examination, biochemical reactions and polymerase chain reaction. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of silver, gold and copper nanoparticles against identified bacterial isolates were determined by a broth dilution method. 84 bacterial isolates from the 153 fecal samples were identified using bacteriological, biochemical and genotypical methods. Escherichia coli was considered the most frequent bacterium isolated numbering 31 (36.90%) followed by Salmonella sp. as the second most prevalent 16 (19.04%). Further isolates such as Staphylococcus aureus 10 (11.90%) were isolated and identified. The MIC values of silver, gold and copper nanoparticles with a size of 10 nanometers (nm) against the three types of bacteria were ranged from 0.625 to 10 μg/ml, 2.5 to 20 μg/ml and 2.5 to 20 μg/ml, respectively. While these values with a size of 20 nm were 0.312 to 2.5 μg/ml, 1.25 to 10 μg/ml and 2.5 to 10 μg/ml, respectively. Additionally, the mean time of the antimicrobial action of silver, gold and copper nanoparticles at concentration 10 nm against all isolates was 5 min, 30 min and 15 min, respectively. Using of these nanoparticles in a concentration of 20 nm, the mean time was 1, 15 and 5 min, respectively. These in vitro results clearly indicate that the silver, gold and copper nanoparticles might have a superior activity and rapid onset of action against the Gram negative bacteria E. coli and Salmonella spp. and the Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus with diarrheal origin.

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Antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors in Escherichia coli from swedish dairy calves

Cited by 68 publications

References 40 publications

Prevalence of β-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance, and virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens in Slovakia

Prevalence of β-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance, and virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens in Slovakia

Effects of Selection Pressure and Genetic Association on the Relationship between Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence in Escherichia coli

Diagnostic Aspects and Novel Approach for Treatment of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Diarrheal Calves using Silver, Gold and Copper Nanoparticles

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