Antimicrobial Resistance in Fecal <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella enterica</i> from Dairy Calves: A Systematic Review

Springer, Hayley R.; Denagamage, Thomas N.; Fenton, Ginger D.; Haley, Bradd J.; Kessel, Jo Ann S. Van; Hovingh, Ernest

doi:10.1089/fpd.2018.2529

Cited by 41 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This is consistent with the current literature. Many reports have indicated an association between pre-weaned calves and increased risk of fecal shedding of resistant bacteria, compared to older animals on dairy farms (5,8,28,35,36). According to a review, the maximal prevalence of AMR carriage was around 2 weeks of age in calves not fed with any antimicrobialcontaining milk replacer (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, in dairy animals, the age of the animal has been reported as an important determinant of AMR carriage. Calves can carry higher levels of AMR in fecal E. coli isolates compared to older animals (5). Furthermore, feces from animals is an important hazard for spread of resistant organisms in the environment (6) and eventually to humans, as manure is used to fertilize crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance and Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolates From Fecal and Manure Pit Samples on Dairy Farms in the Province of Québec, Canada

et al. 2021

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an important burden for public health and veterinary medicine. For Québec (Canada) dairy farms, the prevalence of AMR is mostly described using passive surveillance, which may be misleading. In addition, the presence of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC producing Escherichia coli is unknown. This observational cross-sectional study used random dairy farms (n = 101) to investigate AMR and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC producing Escherichia coli. Twenty antimicrobials were tested on E. coli isolates (n = 593) recovered from fecal samples (n = 599) from calves, cows, and the manure pit. Isolates were mostly susceptible (3% AMR or less) to the highest priority critically important antimicrobials in humans. The highest levels of AMR were to tetracycline (26%), sulfisozaxole (23%) and streptomycin (19%). The resistance genes responsible for these resistances were, respectively: tet(A), tet(B), sul1, sul2, sul3, aph(3”)-Ib (strA), aph(6)-Id (strB), aadA1, aadA2, and aadA5. ESBL analysis revealed two predominant phenotypes: AmpC (51%) and ESBL (46%) where blaCMY−2 and blaCTX−M(blaCTX−M−1, blaCTX−M−15, and blaCTX−M−55) were the genes responsible for these phenotypes, respectively. During this study, 85% of farms had at least one ESBL/AmpC producing E. coli. Isolates from calves were more frequently resistant than those from cows or manure pits. Although prevalence of AMR was low for critically important antimicrobials, there was a high prevalence of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli on Quebec dairy farms, particularly in calves. Those data will help determine a baseline for AMR to evaluate impact of initiatives aimed at reducing AMR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance and Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolates From Fecal and Manure Pit Samples on Dairy Farms in the Province of Québec, Canada

et al. 2021

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“…Therefore, the consequences of antimicrobial resistance in dairy pathogens potentially impacting human health are residual as long as safety measurements are applied and milk pasteurized (Oliver et al, 2010). However, several studies, demonstrated an increased prevalence of resistant bacteria in commensal populations from dairy animals undergoing antibiotic treatment (Foutz et al, 2018; Springer et al, 2018). Additionally, a common practice is to use non-salable milk from cows treated with antibiotics to feed young calves which carries the risk of increasing fecal shedding of AMR bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosensors for On-Farm Diagnosis of Mastitis

Martins

Cardoso³

et al. 2019

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by a multitude of pathogens with devastating consequences for the dairy industry. Global annual losses are estimated to be around €30 bn and are caused by significant milk losses, poor milk quality, culling of chronically infected animals, and occasional deaths. Moreover, mastitis management routinely implies the administration of antibiotics to treat and prevent the disease which poses serious risks regarding the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Conventional diagnostic methods based on somatic cell counts (SCC) and plate-culture techniques are accurate in identifying the disease, the respective infectious agents and antibiotic resistant phenotypes. However, pressure exists to develop less lengthy approaches, capable of providing on-site information concerning the infection, and in this way, guide, and hasten the most adequate treatment. Biosensors are analytical tools that convert the presence of biological compounds into an electric signal. Benefitting from high signal-to-noise ratios and fast response times, when properly tuned, they can detect the presence of specific cells and cell markers with high sensitivity. In combination with microfluidics, they provide the means for development of automated and portable diagnostic devices. Still, while biosensors are growing at a fast pace in human diagnostics, applications for the veterinary market, and specifically, for the diagnosis of mastitis remain limited. This review highlights current approaches for mastitis diagnosis and describes the latest outcomes in biosensors and lab-on-chip devices with the potential to become real alternatives to standard practices. Focus is given to those technologies that, in a near future, will enable for an on-farm diagnosis of mastitis.

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“…The detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in livestock animals has been a rising concern worldwide [1]. Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales, such as ESBL-producing E. coli (ESBL-EC), are a typical example as they are frequently reported in food-producing animals [2], notably calves [3][4][5][6]. These bacteria have acquired resistances to most β-lactams and are responsible for severe infections in humans [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of ESBL-producingEscherichia colidynamics in calf fattening farms: a modelling study

Bastard

Haenni

Glaser

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The contribution of bacteria in livestock to the global burden of antimicrobial resistance raises concerns worldwide. However, the dynamics of selection and diffusion of antimicrobial resistance in farm animals are not fully understood. Here, we used veal calf fattening farms as a model system, as they are a known reservoir of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC). Longitudinal data of ESBL-EC carriage and antimicrobial use (AMU) were collected from three veal calf farms during the entire fattening process. We developed 18 agent-based mechanistic models to assess different hypotheses regarding the main drivers of ESBL-EC dynamics in calves. The models were independently fitted to the longitudinal data using Markov Chain Monte Carlo and the best model was selected. Within-farm transmission between individuals and sporadic events of contamination were found to drive ESBL-EC dynamics on farms. In the absence of AMU, the median carriage duration of ESBL-EC was estimated to be 19.6 days (95% credible interval: [12.7; 33.3]). In the best model, AMU was found to influence ESBL-EC dynamics, by affecting ESBL-EC clearance rather than acquisition. This effect of AMU was estimated to decrease gradually after the end of exposure and to disappear after 62.5 days [50.0; 76.9]. Moreover, using a simulation study, we quantified the efficacy of ESBL-EC mitigation strategies. Decreasing ESBL-EC prevalence by 50% on arrival at the fattening farm reduced prevalence at slaughter age by 33.3%. Completely eliminating the use of selective antibiotics had a strong effect on average ESBL-EC prevalence (relative reduction of 79.6%), but the effect was mild if this use was only decreased by 50% compared to baseline (relative reduction of 3.7%).

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Antimicrobial Resistance in Fecal Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica from Dairy Calves: A Systematic Review

Cited by 41 publications

References 37 publications

Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance and Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolates From Fecal and Manure Pit Samples on Dairy Farms in the Province of Québec, Canada

Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance and Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolates From Fecal and Manure Pit Samples on Dairy Farms in the Province of Québec, Canada

Biosensors for On-Farm Diagnosis of Mastitis

Drivers of ESBL-producingEscherichia colidynamics in calf fattening farms: a modelling study

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