Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli

Abstract

In the last decades, antimicrobial resistance has become a global threat to public health systems worldwide. Among those bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health because of its growing resistance to antibiotics are the members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Among the different antibiotic-resistant mechanisms developed by bacteria, the ones found in Enterobacteriaceae are more diverse than those in other families and include resistance to different antibiotic groups, advantages that partially explain why these microorganisms are among the most common causes of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections in humans. Due to the continuously increasing number of infections caused by multidrug-resistant E. coli due to its ease of transmission via the fecaloral route among humans and from environmental sources, the understanding of the epidemiology of these strains and their mechanisms of resistance are key components in the fight against these infections.

Description of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns at the National Institute of Hygiene in Lome, Togo

“…Their low sensitivity to cefoxitin can be due to the loss of membrane porins or by the production of a cephalosporinase (26). In general, sensitivity rates of Escherichia coli strains in this study were higher than those observed in developed countries (27), not only to tigecycline but also to fluoroquinolones, cyclins and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Indeed, antibiotic prescribing and use policy differs from country to country and is not well implemented in low and middle-income countries (28).…”

Molecular Detection of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli Isolated from Different Sources

“…Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a gram-negative and opportunistic bacterium and is a common inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract of a wide variety of warm-blooded animals but may become pathogenic due to its easy dissemination in different ecosystems through the water, soil, food, and others [ 1 , 2 ]. In addition, it is also one of the world’s most studied bacteria and is arguably the best understood of all model microorganisms [ 3 ]. The gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, especially cattle and sheep, has been shown to act as a natural reservoir of STEC.…”

Essential Oils from Indigenous Iranian Plants: A Natural Weapon vs. Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli

“…Furthermore, E. coli is one of the most important and leading causes of mastitis in cattle, from which the pathogen can easily be transmitted to consumers through milk and dairy products [2]. In this regard, due to the excessive use of antibiotics used to control these diseases, significant resistance to a wide range of antibiotics has developed in several E. coli strains [3,4]. For this reason, the presence of the multi-drug pathogens in foods of animal origin such as milk, meat, and poultry has dramatically increased in recent years [5].…”