Antimicrobial Resistance of Nosocomial Strains ofStaphylococcus aureusin Russia: Results of a Prospective Study

Abstract

A total of 879 Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from 17 medical institutions in different regions of Russia were tested. Susceptibility to 18 antimicrobials was determined by agar dilution in accordance with the NCCLS recommendations. The most potent antimicrobials were glycopeptides, linezolid, and fusidic acid, to which no resistance was found. Other antimicrobials with low frequency of non-susceptibility were mupirocin (0.3%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (0.8%), quinupristin/dalfopristin (1.8%) and rifampicin (7.0%). Fluoroquinolones displayed moderate activity (5.8% of non-susceptible strains to moxifloxacin, 9.1% to levofloxacin, 13.1% to ciprofloxacin). High rates of non-susceptibility were found to clindamycin (27.1%), gentamicin (30.7%), tetracycline (37.1%), erythromycin (39.6%) and chloramphenicol (43.1%). The prevalence of oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (ORSA) was 33.5% and varied from 0% to 89.5% in different hospitals. ORSA were isolated most frequently in the burn units (77.5%), intensive care units (54.8%), trauma and orthopedics units (42.1%). This is the first multicenter study published of antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus in Russia which meets international standards.

Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus strains recovered from southeastern Turkey

“…21 In a study performed in 17 different regions of Russia, methicillin resistance among S aureus strains was between 0% and 89.5%. 22 The differences in the prevalence of MRSA in different countries emphasize the importance of local surveillance in generating relevant local resistance data that can guide empiric therapy. 23 There was a statistically significant difference of MRSA presence between inpatients (63.9%) and outpatients (13%) (p Z 0.000).…”

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: community transmission, pathogenesis, and drug resistance

“…2) [11,42,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. The Russian clone (ST239/ SCCmecIII R ) can also be noted [57].…”

Moxifloxacin in the treatment of skin and skin structure infections

“… Abbreviations: MIC90, minimum inhibitory concentration for 90% of isolates. Note: For entries with multiple studies, data are the range.To be included, studies had to have a minimum of 10 isolates of the microorganism-of-interest, use a National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards - approved methodology, and an inoculum of 10 4 –10 6 organisms.References:1, Stratchounski et al 2005; 2, Blondeau et al 2000; 3, Jacobs et al 2004; 4, Goldstein et al 2000; 5, Goldstein et al 1997; 6, Malathum et al 1999; 7, Bowker et al 2003; 8, Noviello et al 2003; 9, Speciale et al 2002; 10, von Eiff et al 1999; 11, Bauernfeind 1997; 12, Patel et al 2004; 13,Wenzler et al 2004; 14, Edmiston et al 2004; 15, Fung-Tomc et al 2000; 16, Milatovic et al 2000; 17, Hardy et al 2000; 18, Barry et al 1999; 19, Fass 1997; 20,Woodcock et al 1997; 21, Bogdanovich et al 2005; 22, Dalhoff et al 1996; 23, Hoogkamp-Korstanje et al 2000; 24, Hsueh et al 2003; 25, Amabile-Cuevas et al 2001; 26, Blondeau 2002; 27, Edmiston et al 2005.…”