Antimicrobial resistance of thermophilic Campylobacter

Abstract

-Campylobacter has become the leading cause of zoonotic enteric infections in developed and developing countries world-wide. Antimicrobial resistance has emerged among Campylobacter mainly as a consequence of the use of antimicrobial agents in food animal production. Resistance to drugs of choice for the treatment of infections, macrolides and fluoroquinolones has emerged as a clinical problem and interventions to reduce this are recommended. Resistance to fluoroquinolones and macrolides is mediated by chromosomal mutations. Resistance to other relevant antimicrobial agents, mediated by acquired resistance genes, has not become widespread so far. However, resistance genes originating from both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species have been found, showing the potential for acquired resistance to emerge in Campylobacter.Campylobacter / resistance / susceptibility testing / trends / gene Résumé -Résistance aux antimicrobiens chez Campylobacter thermophile. Campylobacter est devenu la cause principale de zoonoses entériques infectieuses dans les pays développés et en voie de développement à travers le monde. La résistance aux antibiotiques a émergé chez Campylobacter, principalement à cause de l'utilisation d'antibiotiques chez les animaux entrant dans la chaîne alimentaire. La résistance aux antibiotiques principalement utilisés dans le traitement des infections, les macrolides et les fluoroquinolones, a émergé en tant que problème clinique, et les interventions visant à réduire cette résistance sont recommandées. La résistance aux fluoroquinolones et aux macrolides est due à des mutations chromosomiques. La résistance aux autres antibiotiques utilisables, qui est due à l'acquisition de gènes de résistance, ne s'est jusqu'à maintenant pas propagée. Cependant, le fait qu'il ait été trouvé des gènes de résistance ayant pour origine des espèces bactériennes à Gram-positif et à Gram-négatif, montre la possibilité d'émergence de résistance acquise chez Campylobacter.Campylobacter / résistance / test de sensibilité / tendance / gène Vet. Res. 32 (2001) 311-321 311

Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Campylobacter species Isolated From Chicken and Beef Meat

“…The incidence of resistance to most of the tested antimicrobial agent in this study was generally higher for C. jejuni than for C. coli (Table 1). This finding confirmed what has been previously described (8,24), although results from another study demonstrated that C. coli was generally more resistant than C. jejuni (9,18,23,25). Owing to the increased reporting of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter worldwide, attempts should be made to control their use in animal husbandry.…”

Characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter isolated from pig and cattle carcasses in Poland

“…Food-producing animals, including cattle and pigs, may be a source of such resistant isolates that are transmitted to humans by food of animal origin (Aarestrup and Engberg 2001, Ghafir et al 2007, Sheppard et al 2009, Egger et al 2012, Quintana-Hayashi and Thakur 2012. This applies particularly to strains resistant to quinolones and erythromycin, widely used for therapy in severe human infections or in immuno-compromised patients (Aarestrup and Engberg 2001).…”

Resistance to erythromycin of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from animals and humans

“…isolated from humans has become allarming (Bywater et al, 2004;Cardinale et al, 2002). Emergence of the resistant strains coincided with the beginning of macrolides use, for the most part thylosine, in veterinary medicine, mainly in swine farming ( Aarestrup and Engberg, 2001;Luber et al, 2003).…”