Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Co-Existence of Multiple Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in mcr-Harbouring Colistin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates Recovered from Poultry and Poultry Meats in Malaysia

Karim, Md. Rezaul; Zakaria, Zunita; Hassan, Latiffah; Faiz, Nik M.; Ahmad, Nur Indah

doi:10.3390/antibiotics12061060

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The current research endorsed the idea, as almost 40% of the STEC isolates exhibited resistance against colistin, which serves as a resort antibiotic for Gramnegative bacilli (GNB). Likewise, same observation was recorded in Malaysia where colistin showed resistance pattern with a 100% detection rate of mcr-1 among E. coli isolated from poultry and poultry meat [35]. These findings are coincide with current observations from Bangladesh, which elaborated more colistin percentage (55.77%) of mcr-1-harboring E. coli among commercial poultry meat [36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing E. coli Co-harboring blaNMD-1 and mcr-1 in Various Sources of Food Supply Chain; Health Threat from Farm to Fork

Sarwar,

Aslam,

Rasool

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Dissemination of resistant pathogens via food supply chains is a notable public health danger from farm to fork. The proposed work analysed the distribution of E. coli among various sources of animal-based food supply chain. Overall, 500 samples were heaped up from livestock, poultry sectors, environment, fisheries, and dairy. Standard microbiological procedures were used to isolate and identify E. coli. Further, isolates were confirmed by using MALDI-TOF and virulence associated genes (VAGs). The phenotypic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by molecular identification of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through PCR using specific primers. Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC) were subjected to PCR based O typing using specific primers against different O types. Overall results revealed that 154 (30.5%) samples were confirmed as E. coli, in which77 (50%) isolates were MDR E. coli. Among these, total 52 (67.53%) isolates showed array of VAGs in which 21 (40.38%) were confirmed as STEC based on stx1 and stx2. Furthermore, 12/52 (23.07%) isolates were detected as Non-O157 STEC co-harboring mcr-1 and blaNMD-1. Overall, O26 STEC was found to be the most prevalent among different non-O157 types. Herein, results proposed that detection of such STEC MDR E. coli causing serious public health consequences in developing countries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing E. coli Co-harboring blaNMD-1 and mcr-1 in Various Sources of Food Supply Chain; Health Threat from Farm to Fork

Sarwar,

Aslam,

Rasool

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, the detection of multiple colistin resistance genes in a subset of patients underscores the complexity of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms and the potential for the co-selection of resistance traits [17]. The co-existence of multiple resistance genes within individual bacterial isolates highlights the need for comprehensive surveillance and monitoring efforts to track the emergence and dissemination of resistance determinants [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant Encoding Genes Carriage among Patients and Healthy Residents in Vietnam

Le,

Khong,

Phan

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: We aimed to investigate the carriage of colistin-resistant genes among both patients with a history of antibiotic exposure and apparently healthy adults with no recent healthcare contact. Materials and Methods: Stool swabs were collected from healthy people, and specimens were collected at the infection foci from the patients. Eleven primer/probe sets were used to perform the Multiplex Real-Time PCR assay with the QuantiNova Multiplex Probe PCR kit for screening the carriage of colistin-resistant genes (mcr-1 to mcr-10) and 16S rRNA gene as internal control. Results: In total, 86 patients and 96 healthy residents were included. Twenty two patients (25.9%) were positive with at least one colistin-resistance encoding gene. The mcr-1 gene was the most frequent (16.5%), followed by mcr-9, mcr-6, and mcr-4 genes, where the prevalence was 11.8%, 10.6%, and 9.4%, respectively. No patient was positive with mcr-3, mcr-7, and mcr-8 genes. Eight patients (9.4%) were positive with multiple colistin-encoding genes. Twenty-three healthy people (24.0%) were positive with at least one colistin-resistance encoding gene, and the mcr-10 gene was the most frequent (27.0%), followed by the mcr-1, mcr-8, and mcr-9 genes, where the prevalence was 24.3%, 21.6%, and 13.5%, respectively. No person was positive with the mcr-2 and mcr-5 genes. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced surveillance, infection control measures, and stewardship interventions to mitigate the spread of colistin resistance in Vietnam.

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“…A total of 116 (55.8%) strains carrying mcr-1 on IncHI2, IncI, IncP, and IncFI plasmids were detected among 208 E. coli isolates [72][73][74][75]192,193,282]. ISApl1 and pap2 were upstream and downstream of mcr-1, respectively [192], and class one integrons were associated with virulence genes, including markers of EHEC (stx1 and stx2) and UPEC (papC), and 19 other antimicrobial determinants, including ESBL and pAmpC genes, conferring resistance to five antimicrobial classes in some mcr-positive isolates [74,282] (Table 2). The mcr-positive isolates were extensively diversified, belonging to 17 STs, including HiR-ExPEC clones ST10, ST117, and ST69 (Table 2).…”

Section: Northern Africa Tunisiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Gene-Containing Organisms in Poultry Sector in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Epidemiology, Characteristics, and One Health Control Strategies

et al. 2023

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Mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes (mcr-1 to mcr-10) are plasmid-encoded genes that threaten the clinical utility of colistin (COL), one of the highest-priority critically important antibiotics (HP-CIAs) used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant bacteria in humans and animals. For more than six decades, COL has been used largely unregulated in the poultry sector in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and this has led to the development/spread of mcr gene-containing bacteria (MGCB). The prevalence rates of mcr-positive organisms from the poultry sector in LMICs between January 1970 and May 2023 range between 0.51% and 58.8%. Through horizontal gene transfer, conjugative plasmids possessing insertion sequences (ISs) (especially ISApl1), transposons (predominantly Tn6330), and integrons have enhanced the spread of mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, mcr-5, mcr-7, mcr-8, mcr-9, and mcr-10 in the poultry sector in LMICs. These genes are harboured by Escherichia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Cronobacter, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Shigella, Providencia, Aeromonas, Raoultella, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter species, belonging to diverse clones. The mcr-1, mcr-3, and mcr-10 genes have also been integrated into the chromosomes of these bacteria and are mobilizable by ISs and integrative conjugative elements. These bacteria often coexpress mcr with virulence genes and other genes conferring resistance to HP-CIAs, such as extended-spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems, fosfomycin, fluoroquinolone, and tigecycline. The transmission routes and dynamics of MGCB from the poultry sector in LMICs within the One Health triad include contact with poultry birds, feed/drinking water, manure, poultry farmers and their farm workwear, farming equipment, the consumption and sale of contaminated poultry meat/egg and associated products, etc. The use of pre/probiotics and other non-antimicrobial alternatives in the raising of birds, the judicious use of non-critically important antibiotics for therapy, the banning of nontherapeutic COL use, improved vaccination, biosecurity, hand hygiene and sanitization, the development of rapid diagnostic test kits, and the intensified surveillance of mcr genes, among others, could effectively control the spread of MGCB from the poultry sector in LMICs.

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Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Co-Existence of Multiple Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in mcr-Harbouring Colistin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates Recovered from Poultry and Poultry Meats in Malaysia

Cited by 9 publications

References 62 publications

Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing <em>E. coli </em>Co-harboring<em> bla</em><sub>NMD-1</sub> and <em>mcr-1</em> in Various Sources of Food Supply Chain; Health Threat from Farm to Fork

Non-O157 Shiga Toxin Producing <em>E. coli </em>Co-harboring<em> bla</em><sub>NMD-1</sub> and <em>mcr-1</em> in Various Sources of Food Supply Chain; Health Threat from Farm to Fork

High Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant Encoding Genes Carriage among Patients and Healthy Residents in Vietnam

Mobile Colistin Resistance (mcr) Gene-Containing Organisms in Poultry Sector in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Epidemiology, Characteristics, and One Health Control Strategies

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