Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Enterohemorrhagic and EnteropathogenicEscherichia coliof Serotypes O157:H7, O26:H11, O103:H2, O111:H8, O145:H28 Compared toEscherichia coliIsolated from the Same Adult Cattle

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial resistance profiles of top five enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) to E. coli isolated from the fecal flora of the same adult cattle. Previous prevalence studies had led to the isolation by immunomagnetic separation (IMS) of 39 EHEC and 80 EPEC. Seven EHEC were resistant (17.9%), and six were multidrug resistant (MDR) (15.4%). None of the top five EHEC was resistant to azithromycin. Nine EPEC O26:H11 (11.3%) were resistant. They were all resistant to tetracycline, and four were MDR (5.0%). An E. coli strain was isolated from the feces (without preselection by IMS) of 97 bovine carriers of top 5 strains. All these strains were susceptible to antibiotics. Comparative analyses did not reveal any differences between the cytotoxic activities of resistant EHEC and their susceptible counterparts or in the production of attachment and effacement lesions. These results highlighted the higher percentage of resistance of EHEC and EPEC strains compared to other E. coli. They also showed that resistance traits did not have any impact on the expression of virulence phenotypes in EHEC strains.

Specificity in the Susceptibilities of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates to Six Metal Antimicrobials

“…The three E . coli isolates, namely CFTO73, O127:H6 and O157:H7 (the latter noted as multidrug resistant [MDR] [49]), displayed resistance to all the metals except silver. When examining the E. coli collection in more detail, there were a number of isolates, including E009, E011, E012 and E056, that presented scores distant from the normalized score when grown in the presence of gallium, nickel, silver and zinc, respectively (Figure 1c–f).…”

Insights into Emergence of Antibiotic Resistance in Acid-Adapted Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli

“…Similarly, another EHEC serotype, O104:H4, was also found resistant to almost all known antibiotics in Europe; it resulted in 3800 disease cases and 53 deaths [ 25 , 28 ]. These strains possess multidrug-resistance-encoding regions that provide enhanced resistance to several known antibiotic determinants, including chloramphenicol, aminopenicillin, cefotaxime, neomycin, aminoglycoside, sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, beta-lactams, cotrimoxazole, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, imipenem, norfloxacin, tetracycline, phenicols, streptomycin, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, kanamycin and carbapenems [ 18 , 19 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”

“…Antibiotic resistance genes can be transmitted from animals to humans in several ways; for EHECs, the foodborne route is probably the most important. In EHECs, the multidrug-resistance genes are encoded by plasmids that can easily be transmitted from one organism to another through horizontal gene transfer or bacteriophages, resulting in the emergence of zoonotic infections in humans [ 18 , 19 , 30 ]. Using antibiotics for the treatment of EHEC infections has long been controversial as several studies correlate the use of antibiotics with death and an increased rate of cerebellar hemorrhage [ 25 , 35 ].…”

Whole genome sequencing based typing and characterisation of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli strains belonging to O157 and O26 serotypes and isolated in dairy farms

“…As far as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is concerned, the prevalence of AMR in STEC differs significantly among Europe. French and English studies reported an AMR prevalence below 20% with the exception of O26 English isolates showing a higher percentage of around 36% (Day et al ., 2017; Um et al ., 2018). On the other hand, a Spanish study observed 75.3% of isolates to be carrying plasmidmediated colistin resistance (García et al ., 2018).…”