Antimicrobial resistance studies in staphylococci and streptococci isolated from cows with mastitis in Argentina

Crespi, Elisa; Pereyra, Ana; Puigdevall, Tomás; Rumi, María Valeria; Testorelli, María F.; Caggiano, Nicolás; Gulone, Lucía; Mollerach, Marta; Gentilini, E.; Srednik, Mariela E.

doi:10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e82

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Yet the few available information, allow the proposal that susceptibility of bacteria to BP-G is not different from the rest of the world. (15)(16)(17)(18) The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) needed to destroy 90 % of the strains causing disease is much higher as the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to BP-G is common among isolates from bovine mastitis. (19) Then, the breakpoint should be revised, which will mean that the dose of the antibacterial drug should be increased.…”

Section: Dosage Of Benzylpenicillin-gmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pharmacological perspective on the use of Benzylpenicillin-G in the production of veterinary medicine in Latin America

Gutiérrez

López²,

Ocampo³

et al. 2023

Vet Mex OA

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Benzylpenicillin-G (BP-G) is one of human and veterinary medicine’s most widely used antibacterial drugs. It represents a large market for the Pharmaceutical Industry, and various combinations with frail pharmacological support have been made available to veterinarians. The crystalline sodium and potassium salts of BP-G and the benzathine salt of BP-G have been incorporated into many existing preparations, arguing that higher and more prolonged concentrations are obtained. However, there are not evidence published. Notwithstanding the above, these preparations are presented as sustained-release ones and capable of achieving therapeutic concentrations. There are no pharmacokinetic bases for such combinations of BP-G derivatives. It is unlikely that such combinations provide better serum profiles than those offered by an adequate dose of only procaine BP-G. The incorporation of the BP-G benzathine is prohibited in many countries. In Latin America, such combinations limit the amount of procaine BP-G that should be injected, ideally ≥ 20 000 IU/kg of body weight every 12-24 h. Within the framework of the rational use of antimicrobial drugs in veterinary medicine advanced by the World Health Organization (WHO) and based on pharmacological considerations, it is proposed that combinations of BP-G derivatives be restricted, allowing only BP-G procaine preparations. Also, formulations of BP-G incorporating other active principles should offer solid pharmacological support. To date, combined preparations of BP-G have shown no formal pharmacological support. Based on the information presented in this review, it is feasible to conclude that the only BP-G derivative that should be available for veterinary medicine is procaine BP-G.

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Section: Dosage Of Benzylpenicillin-gmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pharmacological perspective on the use of Benzylpenicillin-G in the production of veterinary medicine in Latin America

Gutiérrez

López²,

Ocampo³

et al. 2023

Vet Mex OA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, it is critical to consider the susceptibility of the microorganism, the drug's pharmacokinetics, the duration of treatment at the infection site, and toxicity in the animals when developing ways to prevent the development of antimicrobial resistance and decrease the risk of transmission. The β-lactams antibiotics are commonly utilized in intramammary infusion therapy [7]. Moreover, the methicillin-resistant (MR) staphylococci are resistant to all β-lactam antibiotics due to the acquisition of penicillin (P)-binding protein (PBP)2a, a PBP with poor affinity for these medicines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic characterization of mecA gene and antibiogram profile of coagulase-negative staphylococci in subclinical mastitic cows

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are becoming the major cause of clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis around the world. This study aims to estimate the prevalence, antibiogram, and frequency of the methicillinresistant (MR) (mecA) gene in CNS collected from cows with subclinical mastitis.Materials and Methods: Thirty-four milk samples were collected from 20 cows. Fifteen subclinical mastitis samples (~44.12%) were identified as CNS isolates. The Vitek2 compact system method was employed for the identification of the species. Furthermore, antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed against 10 different antibiotics for CNS strains. The mecA gene from isolated CNS was detected by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: Staphylococcus haemolyticus was the most predominant isolated species with an incidence of 33.3% (5/15 isolates), followed by 26.7% for Staphylococcus sciuri and Staphylococcus vitamins (4/15 isolates), and 13.3% for Staphylococcus vitulinus (2/15 isolates), respectively. The highest resistance rates were determined to be 40% (6/15 isolates) against penicillin and oxacillin (OX), 33.3% (5/15 isolates) against clindamycin, 13% (2/15 isolates) against chloramphenicol, amoxicillin, and erythromycin, and 5% (1/15 isolates) against ciprofloxacin, respectively. The results revealed that the isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents, with five isolates displaying multiple antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, the results exhibit that all CNS isolates had the mecA gene at 310 bp with a 100% frequency. Moreover, for detecting MR isolates, there are significant discrepancies between phenotypic and genotypic approaches, and only 6/15 CNS isolates phenotypically demonstrated OX resistance. Conclusion:The results emphasize the necessity of frequent monitoring of phenotypic and genotypic profiles of CNS isolates to ensure effective control measures and the prevention of multidrug resistance strain evolution.

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Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dairy farms: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2022

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an opportunistic bacterium that causes many human and animal infections worldwide. MRSA infections are classified as priority infections owing to their high morbidity and mortality, with a significant risk of zoonotic transmission. This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of MRSA in dairy cattle farms and its heterogeneity. Relevant studies were retrieved from three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The pooled prevalence of MRSA in dairy farms was estimated using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were used to assess the probable sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity and publication bias analyses were also performed. A total of 94 articles were eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of MRSA was estimated to be 3.81% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 2.61–5.20] with significantly high heterogeneity (I2 = 96.6%, p = 0.00). For the subgroup analysis among continents, the prevalence was highest in Asia (4.89%; 95% CI = 2.88–7.35) and lowest in South America (1.33%, 95% CI = 0.00–5.49). As for the year of publication, MRSA prevalence was highest in reports published from 2015 to 2018 (4.36%, 95% CI = 2.41–6.80) and lowest in reports published before 2015 (2.65%, 95% CI = 0.75–5.52). As for sample type, the prevalence of MRSA in cattle milk (3.91%, 95% CI = 2.64–5.39) was higher than that in other sample types (1.19%, 95% CI = 0.05–3.24). These three factors were not significantly associated with the pooled prevalence of MRSA (p > 0.05). Therefore, the findings of this study indicate that the prevalence of MRSA has been minimal and consistent in dairy cattle farms over time.

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Antimicrobial resistance studies in staphylococci and streptococci isolated from cows with mastitis in Argentina

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

A pharmacological perspective on the use of Benzylpenicillin-G in the production of veterinary medicine in Latin America

A pharmacological perspective on the use of Benzylpenicillin-G in the production of veterinary medicine in Latin America

Genotypic characterization of mecA gene and antibiogram profile of coagulase-negative staphylococci in subclinical mastitic cows

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dairy farms: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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