Antimicrobial resistance trends among 5608 clinical Gram-positive isolates in China: results from the Gram-Positive Cocci Resistance Surveillance program (2005–2010)

Zhao, Chunjiang; Sun, Hongli; Wang, Hui; Liu, Yudong; Hu, Bijie; Yu, Yunsong; Sun, Ziyong; Chu, Yunzhuo; Cao, Bin; Liao, Kang; Lei, Jin’e; Hu, Zhidong; Zhang, Liyan; Zhang, Xiaobing; Xu, Yingchun; Wang, Zhanwei; Chen, Minjun

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.03.003

Cited by 61 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, for the poor result of brand C, the efficacy level of Streptococcus pneumoniae is 73% while that of Staphylococcus aureus is 83%. This result agrees with the findings of Zhao et al, (2012) This difference is not unconnected with the low value of brand C which show very low efficacy. The percentage values of the antimicrobial susceptibility obtained in this study have shown clearly that patients and health care providers can as a matter of facts rely or depend on this antimicrobial agent in the treatment of ailments associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus provided it is of good quality.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Resistance among Gram-positive organisms in particular is of great concern, since studies have shown that only a few antimicrobial agents are effective to treat infections caused by these pathogens (Robert et al, 2013). The increase of antimicrbial resistance among Gram-positive cocci infections especially with the discovered increase in Staphylococcus aureus to methicillin and the resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin has continues to be a big threat to public health (Zhao et al, 2012). To mitigate this challenge, a lot of studies have been initiated by various groups to track the antimicrobial resistance trends of most Gram-positive cocci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Assessment of the Efficacy of Ofloxacin Brands on Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Staphylococcus Aureus

Anomohanran

Owhe-Ureghe

2015

MAS

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It is a common practice for clinicians to administer antimicrobial agents to patients suffering from bacterial infections without recourse to laboratory diagnosis which provides information on the antibiogram of the etiologic agents. This may result to the use of less efficacious drugs that might lead to long time hospitalization, death of patients and/or opportunity for bacterial species to develop resistant to some of these antimicrobial agents. This is the reason why, this study was carried out to determine the efficacy of five (5) brands of Ofloxacin; a typical floroquinolone antibiotic available in most pharmaceutical shops in Nigeria. Clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were exposed to twofold serial dilution of the antibiotic to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Result shows that the percentage strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae inhibited by the five brands of Ofloxacin investigated were 72, 74, 41, 68 and 76% respectively. Result also shows that the percentage strains of Staphylococcus aureus inhibited by the antimicrobial agent were 81, 85, 52, 79 and 85% respectively. Analysis of the result shows that the efficacy rate of Ofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were 72 and 81% respectively. The result has shown that patients and health care providers can rely on this antimicrobial agent in the treatment of ailments associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus in this locality provided the efficacy of the brand to be used is tested.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of the Efficacy of Ofloxacin Brands on Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Staphylococcus Aureus

Anomohanran

Owhe-Ureghe

2015

MAS

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“…12,13,30 In contrast, single-step resistant mutants could be selected relatively easily by exposure to antibacterials other than vancomycin, which is consistent with the fact that resistance of staphylococci to rifampicin, levofloxacin or fosfomycin is relatively common in the clinic. However, it should be realized that two factors account for the fact that resistance selection in vivo is usually more difficult than that in vitro: one is that the antibiotic concentration in vivo is not high enough to select resistance, the other is that the immune system can kill mutants effectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Rifampicin, levofloxacin and fosfomycin were chosen in this study because they are cheap and penetrate well where vancomycin penetrates poorly (for example, the lung, cerebrospinal fluid and bone joint). In addition, the susceptibility rates of S. epidermidis to fosfomycin 11 and rifampicin 12,13 remain fairly high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of vancomycin alone and in combination with levofloxacin, rifampicin and fosfomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

Liu

et al. 2013

J Antibiot

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No mutant-prevention concentration (MPC) with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) has been reported. The study aimed to evaluate the propensity of vancomycin individually and in combination to prevent MRSE from mutation. A total of 10 MRSE clinical isolates were included in the study. Susceptibility testing demonstrated that the susceptibility rates to vancomycin, rifampicin, levofloxacin and fosfomycin were 100, 100, 50 and 90%, respectively. The fractional inhibition concentration indices (FICI) for vancomycin combined with rifampicin, levofloxacin or fosfomycin were X1.5 but p2, X1.5 but p2, and 40.5 but p1.5, respectively, implying indifferent interactivity. The MPC with susceptible strains was determined to be the lowest antibiotic concentration inhibiting visible growth among 10 10 CFU on four agar plates (9 cm in diameter) after a 72-h incubation at 37 1C. The MPCs were 16B32, 464, X64 and 4B16 lg ml À1 for vancomycin, rifampicin, fosfomycin and levofloxacin, respectively. The vancomycin MPCs of combinations with fosfomycin (32 lg ml À1 ), levofloxacin (2 lg ml À1 ) and rifampicin (2 or 4 lg ml À1 ) were 1B4, 16B32 and 16B32 lg ml À1 , respectively. Against mutants selected by vancomycin, rifampicin, levofloxacin and fosfomycin individually, antibiotics had standard MICs of 2B4 lg ml À1 for vancomycin, 464 lg ml À1 for rifampicin, 4B8 lg ml À1 for levofloxacin and X64 lg ml À1 for fosfomycin. Thus single-step mutation can lead to resistance of MRSE to rifampicin, levofloxacin and fosfomycin, rather than non-susceptibility to vancomycin. Vancomycin-fosfomycin combination might be a superior alternative to vancomycin in blocking the growth of MRSE mutants, especially for high-organism-burden infections.

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“…Although moderate declining of hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) bacteremia was recently observed in a few European countries, the United States and Australia [3][4][5], this pathogen is the most common single multidrug resistant (MDR) cause of HAIs in Europe, the United States, Asia, and Brazil [6][7][8][9]. The European/EEA population-mean of invasive HA-MRSA infections in 2013 was 18.0% [10]; however, these percentages vary greatly within a continent, from 0 in Iceland up to 64.5% in Romania, indicating major differences in epidemiology of MRSA bacteremia, while data from the non-EU states of the Balkan region remain underrepresented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in MRSA prevalence and resistance patterns in a tertiary center before and after joining an international program for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance

Djurić

Jovanović²,

Branka³

et al. 2017

Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) emerged as one of the most important causes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (BSIs), especially the multidrug resistant clones. The aim of the present study was to compare prevalence and resistance patterns of MRSA bacteremia in the major tertiary-care academic and referral center in Serbia before and after implementing an active antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance. Laboratory-based before-after study was conducted during a two-year period (January 2012 to December 2013) in Clinical Centre of Serbia. Isolation and identification of bacterial strains were done following standard microbiological procedures. During the AMR surveillance, nearly twice more bloodstream samples were collected compared to the year without surveillance (1,528 vs. 855). In total, 43 isolates of MRSA were identified. MRSA was significantly more prevalent during the AMR surveillance compared to the previous year [14 (66.7%) to 29 (76.3%); P = 0.046]. During the AMR surveillance, MRSA more frequently originated from medical departments compared to intensive care unit, surgical department, and internal medicine (P = 0.027) indicating increasing MRSA infections in patients with less severe clinical condition and no apparent risk factors. Higher prevalence of MRSA and its lower susceptibility to erythromycin were revealed by implementation of active AMR surveillance, which may reflect more thoughtful collection of bloodstream samples from patients with suspected BSI.

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Antimicrobial resistance trends among 5608 clinical Gram-positive isolates in China: results from the Gram-Positive Cocci Resistance Surveillance program (2005–2010)

Cited by 61 publications

References 21 publications

An Assessment of the Efficacy of Ofloxacin Brands on Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Staphylococcus Aureus

An Assessment of the Efficacy of Ofloxacin Brands on Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus Pneumoniae and Staphylococcus Aureus

Comparative study of the mutant prevention concentrations of vancomycin alone and in combination with levofloxacin, rifampicin and fosfomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

Differences in MRSA prevalence and resistance patterns in a tertiary center before and after joining an international program for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance

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