Antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolates detected in raw milk of livestock in pastoral areas of northern Kenya

Ngaywa, Catherine; Aboge, Gabriel Oluga; Obiero, George; Omwenga, Isaac; Ngwili, Nicholas; Wamwere, George; Wainaina, Martin; Bett, Bernard K.

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.03.008

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the present study, high antimicrobial resistance frequency to the β-lactams penicillin (52.17%), amoxycillin-clavulanic acid (58.70%), ampicillin (70.65%), oxacillin (70.65%) was observed, which is closely supported by previous findings of Priyantha et al [ 34 ]; Haubert et al [ 23 ]. According to previous findings, S. aureus and E. coli resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxycillin, and oxacillin is the most common type of antimicrobial resistance among mastitis-causing bacteria [ 9 , 11 , 13 , 34 ]. The high resistance frequency of E. coli against sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (61.76%) was reported in several previous studies [ 9 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to previous findings, S. aureus and E. coli resistance to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxycillin, and oxacillin is the most common type of antimicrobial resistance among mastitis-causing bacteria [ 9 , 11 , 13 , 34 ]. The high resistance frequency of E. coli against sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (61.76%) was reported in several previous studies [ 9 , 34 ]. We noted that S. aureus and E. coli displayed a high proportion of susceptibility to ceftriaxone (70.65% and 73.53%) and ciprofloxacin (65.22% and 73.53%) which was consistent with the findings of previously published reports [ 9 , 13 , 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mastitis is one of the major reasons for the extensive use of antimicrobials in lactating cows [ 6–8 ]. Unfortunately, continuous selective antimicrobial pressure for the treatment and control of bovine mastitis may raise the likelihood of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial strains [ 7 , 9 ]. However, the emergence of these novel antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is one of the principal factors for the failure of recovery from mastitis [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequently used therapeutic antimicrobials and their resistance patterns on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in mastitis affected lactating cows

Rana

Fazal

Alim

2022

International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine

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Mastitis is one of the most frequent and costly production diseases of dairy cattle. It is frequently treated with broad-spectrum antimicrobials. The objectives of this work were to investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli , find out the antimicrobials used in mastitis treatment, and explore the antimicrobial resistance profile including detection of resistance genes. Bacterial species and antimicrobial resistance genes were confirmed by the polymerase-chain reaction. A total of 450 cows were screened, where 23 (5.11%) and 173 (38.44%) were affected with clinical and sub-clinical mastitis, respectively. The prevalence of S. aureus was 39.13% (n = 9) and 47.97%(n = 83) while, E. coli was 30.43% (n = 7) and 15.60% (n = 27) in clinical and sub-clinical mastitis affected cows, respectively. The highest antimicrobials used for mastitis treatment were ciprofloxacin (83.34%), amoxycillin (80%) and ceftriaxone (76.67%). More than, 70% of S. aureus showed resistance against ampicillin, oxacillin, and tetracycline and more than 60% of E. coli exhibited resistance against oxacillin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. Selected antimicrobial resistance genes ( mec A, tet K, tet L, tet M, tet A, tet B, tet C, sul 1, sul 2 and sul 3) were identified from S. aureus and E. coli . Surprisingly, 7 (7.61%) S. aureus carried the mec A gene and were confirmed as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The most prevalent resistance genes were tet K 18 (19.57%) and tet L 13 (14.13%) for S. aureus , whereas sul 1 16 (47.06%), tet A 12 (35.29%), sul 2 11 (32.35%) and tet B 7 (20.59%) were the most common resistance genes in E. coli . Indiscriminate use of antimicrobials and the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria suggest a potential threat to public health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Frequently used therapeutic antimicrobials and their resistance patterns on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in mastitis affected lactating cows

Rana

Fazal

Alim

2022

International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine

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“…The study was part of a larger study investigating milk-borne pathogens in pastoral Kenya as previously described by Omwenga et al 2019 and Ngaywa et al 2019 . It was implemented in Burat, Kinna, Merti and Oldonyiro Wards in Isiolo County and Karare, Korr, Laisamis, Moyale, Sololo and Turbi Wards in Marsabit County.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Brucella spp. in raw milk from various livestock species raised under pastoral production systems in Isiolo and Marsabit Counties, northern Kenya

Wainaina

Aboge

Omwenga

et al. 2020

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Introduction Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease in Kenya, and identifying the bacteria in milk is important in assessing the risk of exposure in people. Methods A cross-sectional study that involved 175 households was implemented in the pastoral counties of Marsabit and Isiolo in Kenya. Pooled milk samples (n = 164) were collected at the household level, and another 372 were collected from domesticated lactating animals (312 goats, 7 sheep, 50 cattle and 3 camels). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) testing of the milk samples was performed to identify Brucella species. Brucella anti-LPS IgG antibodies were also detected in bovine milk samples using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Based on the qPCR, the prevalence of the pathogen at the animal level (considering samples from individual animals) was 2.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–4.5) and 3.0% (CI: 1.0–7.0) in pooled samples. All 14 samples found positive by qPCR were from goats, with 10 contaminated with B. abortus and 4 with B. melitensis. The Brucella spp. antibody prevalence in bovine milk using the milk ELISA was 26.0% (95% CI: 14.6–40.3) in individual animal samples and 46.3% (95% CI: 30.7–62.6) in pooled samples. Conclusion The study is the first in Kenya to test for Brucella spp. directly from milk using qPCR without culturing for the bacteria. It also detected B. abortus in goats, suggesting transmission of brucellosis between cattle and goats. The high prevalence of Brucella spp. is a significant public health risk, and there is a need for intervention strategies necessary in the study area.

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“…The agar plates were examined for growth of E. coli. To get pure cultures, a single colony was further subcultured on EMBA according to (Ngaywa et al, 2019) Films of pure suspected cultures were stained with Gram's stain and examined microscopically. Cultures analyzed by using the following biochemical tests: Indole Motility Test, Methyl Red, Voges-Proskauer Tests and Simmons Citrate Agar Test according to APHA.…”

Section: Isolation and Identification Of E Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

http://www.plantarchives.org/SPECIAL%20ISSUE%2021-1/429%20(2636-2640).pdf

Mohammed¹,

El-Said²,

AbdElAal³

et al. 2020

PLANT ARCHIVES

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In the present study, Fifty random samples of each small-scale (plain yoghurt and kariesh cheese) were collected randomly from different dairy shops and markets in Zagazig city for isolation and identification of Escherichia coli which is considered a good indicator of faecal contamination and a major cause of food poisoning. Identification was done microscopically and biochemically by different biochemical tests (IMVIC).The incidence of E. coli in yoghurt and kariesh cheese samples were 36% and 50%, respectively. Also, the serological identification of E. coli isolates revealed that O26 is the most predominant serogroup by percentagesof27.77% and 28% in both yoghurt and kariesh cheese samples, respectively. Because of its rising resistance to antibiotics, E.coli represents a real threat to human health. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was done by disc diffusion method against 10 antimicrobials and the results revealed that E. coli isolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, ampicillin, Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime, and were highly sensitive to chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. In addition, 83.72%of E. coli isolates showed multi drug resistance (MDR).Bacterial adhesion to food surfaces and the formation of biofilmisa source of food contamination that has an impact on food safety and industry. Micro titer plate assay was used for testing biofilm formation and revealed that 69.77% of E. coli isolates were non-biofilm producers, 9.30% were weak biofilm producers, 20.93%were moderate biofilm producers and none of isolates was strong biofilm producers. Virulence genes of E. coli isolates were identified and characterized by a multiplex PCR assay. The results showed that among the target genes, stx1was most frequently detected by a percentage of81.82%

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Antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli isolates detected in raw milk of livestock in pastoral areas of northern Kenya

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Frequently used therapeutic antimicrobials and their resistance patterns on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in mastitis affected lactating cows

Frequently used therapeutic antimicrobials and their resistance patterns on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in mastitis affected lactating cows

Detection of Brucella spp. in raw milk from various livestock species raised under pastoral production systems in Isiolo and Marsabit Counties, northern Kenya

http://www.plantarchives.org/SPECIAL%20ISSUE%2021-1/429%20(2636-2640).pdf

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