Antimicrobial Stewardship in Animals

Weese, J. S.; Page, Stephen W.; Prescott, John F.

doi:10.1002/9781118675014.ch7

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Benchmarking: The comparison of a party's AMU with the AMU of similar parties (the reference population), given that AMU for all parties is quantified in a comparable manner. AMS: Antimicrobial stewardship; AMS is aiming for prudent and appropriate AMU, which is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "use of antimicrobials, which maximizes therapeutic effect and minimizes the development of antimicrobial resistance"; according to the OIE, AMS consists of "a set of practical measures and recommendations intended to prevent and/or reduce the selection pressure of antimicrobialresistant bacteria in animals" (53). This also includes preventive measures to avoid antimicrobial use.…”

Section: Author Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Farm-Level Antimicrobial Use to Guide Stewardship: Overview of Existing Systems and Analysis of Key Components and Processes

Sanders¹,

Vanderhaeghen²,

Fertner

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

111

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Section: Author Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Farm-Level Antimicrobial Use to Guide Stewardship: Overview of Existing Systems and Analysis of Key Components and Processes

Sanders¹,

Vanderhaeghen²,

Fertner

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

111

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“…The routine use of antimicrobials in animal production has been identified as a potential factor in the development of antimicrobial resistance (1) and societal concern is driving increased stewardship, using the 5Rs model of responsibility, reduction, refinement, replacement, and review (2), especially in the use of medically-important antimicrobials. In the United States, increased stewardship has led to a 33% reduction in the domestic sale and distribution of all medically-important antimicrobials intended for use in food-producing animals, between 2016 and 2017 (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objectives of the study were (1) To evaluate whether the administered diet can impact behavioral and welfare indicators during the administration period; (2) To determine if any diet effects can still be observed once the administration period is over; (3) To correlate behavioral indicators with specific microbiota composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Three Distinct 2-Week Long Diet Strategies After Transport on Weaned Pigs' Short and Long-Term Welfare Markers, Behaviors, and Microbiota

et al. 2020

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Alternative feed supplements have shown promising effects in terms of performance, but their effects on welfare have had little evaluation. In the present study, we aimed at evaluating the effect of diet supplementation on welfare indicators. A total of 246 piglets were weaned and transported for 12 h. After transport, they were assigned to one of 3 diets for a 14-day period: A-an antibiotic diet including chlortetracycline and tiamulin, NA-a control diet without any antibiotic or feed supplement, GLN-a diet including 0.20% L-glutamine. After the 14-day period, all piglets were fed the same diet. Tear staining was measured 11 times post-weaning (from d0 to 147). Skin lesions were counted before and after weaning (d-2, 2, and 36). Novel object tests (NOT) were done in groups 4 times post-weaning (d17, 47, 85, 111). Samples for 16S rRNA gene composition were collected prior to transport (d0), following the 14-day period (d14) and at the conclusion of the nursery phase (d34). The NA pigs appeared less interested in novel objects. On d17, they avoided the object less than A pigs (P < 0.05). They spent less time exploring the object on d85 and took longer to interact with the object on d111 than A and GLN pigs (P < 0.05). NA pigs also appeared more sensitive to environment and management. They had larger tear stains than GLN pigs on d84 and 110 (P < 0.05). On d2, NA pigs had more lesions than A and GLN (P < 0.01). In terms of microbiota composition, GLN had higher α-diversity than A and NA (P < 0.001). Differences between dietary treatments were absent at d0, were demonstrated at d14 and disappeared at d34. Pearson correlations between aggression, stress and anxiety indicators and bacterial populations were medium to high from 0.31 to 0.69. The results demonstrate that short-term feeding strategy can have both short-and long-term effects on behavior and welfare, that may partly be explained by changes in gut microbiota composition. Supplementation with GLN appears to confer similar benefits to dietary antibiotics and thus could be a viable alternative.

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“…The most frequently isolated multi‐drug resistant (MDR) pathogen found on the skin of dogs and cats is Staphylococcus pseudintermedius . This increased prevalence of MDR‐ S. pseudintermedius has led to reduced systemic treatment options and has reinforced the importance of good antimicrobial stewardship …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] This increased prevalence of MDR-S. pseudintermedius has led to reduced systemic treatment options and has reinforced the importance of good antimicrobial stewardship. [7][8][9] The link between systemic antimicrobial treatment and development of antimicrobial resistance has been welldocumented. 10,11 Topical antimicrobial therapy for superficial pyoderma has been recommended as a first-line treatment option in order to safeguard the effectiveness and limit the use of newer systemic antimicrobial classes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in vitro antibacterial activity of the anthelmintic drug oxyclozanide against common small animal bacterial pathogens

Levinson¹,

Blondeau

Rosenkrantz³

et al. 2019

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background Repurposing existing drugs is one approach to address the growing concerns of multi‐drug resistant bacterial pathogens in veterinary medicine. Oxyclozanide is in the anthelmintic drug class salicylanilide, which has been used primarily as a treatment and preventative for Fasciola hepatica in ruminants. The antimicrobial activity of oxyclozanide has been studied in human medicine; its activity against common small animal bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus pseudintermedius has yet to be determined. Objective The aim of this study was to measure and establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and mutant prevention concentration (MPC) of oxyclozanide against S. pseudintermedius and other common small animal bacterial pathogens. Methods and materials The MIC and MPC of oxyclozanide were determined from eighteen meticillin sensitive S. pseudintermedius (MSSP) isolates and eleven meticillin‐resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP), as well as single isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis. Results The MIC of the eighteen meticillin‐sensitive S. pseudintermedius isolates was 0.5–1 μg/mL and the MPC ranged between 16 and 32 μg/mL. The MIC of the eleven meticillin‐resistant strains of S. pseudintermedius ranged from 0.5 to 2 μg/mL with a MPC ranging between 16 and 32 μg/mL. A single isolate of meticillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) had an MIC of 1 μg/mL and MPC 16 μg/mL. No inhibition of growth was seen at the concentrations tested for bacterial isolate strains E. coli, P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis. Conclusion and clinical importance Oxyclozanide demonstrated in‐vitro antibacterial activity against meticillin‐resistant S. pseudintermedius. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential use of oxyclozanide as a topical bactericidal agent.

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Antimicrobial Stewardship in Animals

Cited by 38 publications

References 60 publications

Monitoring of Farm-Level Antimicrobial Use to Guide Stewardship: Overview of Existing Systems and Analysis of Key Components and Processes

Monitoring of Farm-Level Antimicrobial Use to Guide Stewardship: Overview of Existing Systems and Analysis of Key Components and Processes

Effects of Three Distinct 2-Week Long Diet Strategies After Transport on Weaned Pigs' Short and Long-Term Welfare Markers, Behaviors, and Microbiota

The in vitro antibacterial activity of the anthelmintic drug oxyclozanide against common small animal bacterial pathogens

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