Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Anaerobic Bacteria Isolated at the Mayo Clinic During 1982 Through 1987: Comparison With Results From 1977 Through 1981

Musial, Cora E.; Rosenblatt, Jon E.

doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(12)65727-9

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The incidence of resistance to clindamycin varies markedly between institutions. We found a resistance rate similar to that observed by other investigators in Spain (14--16), but higher than the rates observed in several North American (5,11,13) and European surveys (1,6,7). We observed the first cefoxitin resistant strains in 1985, 23 % of the strains investigated being resistant to this antibiotic (p < 0.05); this value declined significantly to 4 % in 1987 (p < 0.01).…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…Although we detected one Bacteroides fragilis group isolate resistant to chloramphenicol in 1979, there was no development of resistance to this antibiotic during the rest of the study period. Several authors have reported either very occasional resistance (13,18) or none at all (1,7,12,19). Metronidazole displayed unaltered efficacy against the group throughout the study period; despite the use of this antibiotic in our hospital for prophylaxis and the treatment of anaerobic infections, no appreciable changes in susceptibility patterns were noted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

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Changes in the susceptibility ofBacteroides fragilis group organisms to various antimicrobial agents 1979–1989

Betriú

Cabronero

Gómez

et al. 1992

Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.

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The in vitro activity of metronidazole, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and 11 beta-lactam antibiotics against 135 clinical isolates of the Bacteroides fragilis group was compared. In addition, changes in the resistance patterns of members of the Bacteroides fragilis group isolated at the Hospital Universitario San Carlos in Madrid, Spain, between 1979 and 1989 were documented. The most active beta-lactam drugs were imipenem and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. In 1989, however, two strains were found to be resistant to imipenem and to all other beta-lactam agents tested. There was no emergence of resistance to metronidazole. Chloramphenicol was very effective: only one resistant strain was detected in 1979 and no chloramphenicol-resistant isolates were found during the rest of the study period. An outbreak of clindamycin resistance was noted in 1982, and the first cefoxitin resistant strains were recovered in 1985. The changing patterns of susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobial agents and the emergence of Bacteroides fragilis strains resistant to new beta-lactam agents suggest that periodic antimicrobial susceptibility tests should be performed in order to guide the selection of antimicrobial agents for therapy.

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supporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 75%

Changes in the susceptibility ofBacteroides fragilis group organisms to various antimicrobial agents 1979–1989

Betriú

Cabronero

Gómez

et al. 1992

Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.

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“…To date, the ,B-lactamases of only two of the species associated with the periodontal microflora have been characterized, those of F. nucleatum (28,42,43) and Capnocytophaga sp. (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of a beta-lactamase found in Eikenella corrodens

Lacroix

Walker

1991

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Eleven strains of Eikenella corrodens with j-lactamase activity were isolated from a patient with refractory periodontitis who had previously been treated with penicillin antibiotics. These strains were relatively resistant to benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin, and ampicillin (MICs, .64 ,ug/ml); susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate (2:1) (MICs, s4 ,Lg/ml); and moderately susceptible to cephalothin and cephaloridine (MICs, 0.12 to 16 ,ug/ml). The addition of 1 ,ug of potassium clavulanate, a ,I-lactamase inhibitor, per ml resulted in a significant increase in the susceptibilities of these strains to penicillins but not to cephalosporins. Potassium clavulanate had no effect on non-4-lactamase-producing strains. Enzyme production was constitutive since activity was not increased when cells were cultivated in the presence of benzylpenicillin. Enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by potassium clavulanate, sulbactam, and iodine; weakly inhibited by cloxacillin, imipenem, and moxalactam; but not inhibited by aztreonam, EDTA, orp-chloromercuribenzoate. By gel ifitration, the enzyme had an estimated molecular mass of 29 kDa. Isoelectric focusing of the partially purified enzyme gave a major ,-lactamase band at pH 5.50 and a minor band at pH 5.60. Plasmids were not detected in any of the 11 ,B-lactamase-positive strains. This enzyme is considered to belong to class 2a of the Bush classification scheme.

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“…The drug is inactive against gram‐negative bacilli as well as Clostridium difficile , the causative pathogen of antibiotic‐associated (pseudomembranous) colitis 255 . Despite its long use since the 1970s, the susceptibility of anaerobes to clindamycin remains high (95% to 97%) 256 . Clindamycin is absorbed well orally, and only 10% of the active drug is excreted unaltered in the urine; most of the drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted in urine and bile 257 .…”

Section: Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics Of Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Therapy for the Elderly Patient

Yoshikawa¹

1990

J American Geriatrics Society

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Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Anaerobic Bacteria Isolated at the Mayo Clinic During 1982 Through 1987: Comparison With Results From 1977 Through 1981

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

Changes in the susceptibility ofBacteroides fragilis group organisms to various antimicrobial agents 1979–1989

Changes in the susceptibility ofBacteroides fragilis group organisms to various antimicrobial agents 1979–1989

Characterization of a beta-lactamase found in Eikenella corrodens

Antimicrobial Therapy for the Elderly Patient

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