Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae in children with pneumonia and in children attending day-care centres in Fortaleza, Brazil

Penicillin resistance and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae in nasopharyngeal carrier children under 5 years of age in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

“…Nasopharyngeal isolates from different parts of the world have shown similar serotype distributions, with certain serotypes being more prevalent than others (Bogaert et al, 2004;Hausdorff et al, 2005;Rey et al, 2002). In the current study, SGTs 19F, 6B and 9V were the most prevalent serotypes observed.…”

Survey of Nonsusceptible Nasopharyngeal Streptococcus Pneumoniae Isolates in Children Attending Day-Care Centers in Brazil

“…4 The high rate resistance to both, penicillin and SXT, as well the low rate of resistance to erithromycin are in accordance with previous studies in Brazil. 11 PNSp serotype 14 was the major type isolated in our study and has been the most common serotype associated with erythromycin resistance in several reports, including Brazil.…”

Nasopharyngeal carriage, antimicrobial susceptibility, serotype distribution and clonal relatedness of isolates in healthy children in Malatya, Turkey

“…Penicillin-resistant isolates were less frequently encountered in southern Israel (20%) than in the rest of country (42%) [24]. The percentages of intermediate and high-level penicillin resistance were 41% and 4%, respectively, in Brazil [21], and 32.1% and 26.1%, respectively, in Hong Kong [20]. The frequencies of intermediate and high-level penicillin resistance were 9% and 7.6%, respectively, and erythromycin resistance was 18.1% in Greek children [25].…”

“…In a study from Rome, the carriage rate was found to be 14.9%, and living with more than three persons in the same household was reported to be the only risk factor statistically associated with carriage [15]. Higher rates (19.4% and more than 75%) were also found in daycare centres in which many children stay together for a long period [20,21]. Our population-based study is the first report reflecting the carriage status of S. pneumoniae among the children in a city located in the east part of Turkey and defines a carriage rate of 19.1%.…”

“…It has been indicated that certain serotypes are more resistant or prevalent than others [21]. Many investigators showed that serogroups 6, 9, 14, 19 and 23 were the most frequent ones [26,33,34].…”