Antimicrobial susceptibility of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> isolated from canals of root filled teeth with periapical lesions

Pinheiro, Éricka Tavares; Gomes, Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida; Drucker, D.B.; Zaia, Alexandre Augusto; Ferraz, Caio Cézar Randi; Souza-Filho, Francisco José de

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00865.x

Cited by 96 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…In our study, susceptibility to antibiotics was assayed by the E-test method that provides easy handling, interpretation, and reliability [41]. E. faecalis isolates showed resistance of 14, 9 and 4.5% to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and azithromycin, respectively, in agreement with previously reported results [12,[42][43][44]. Importantly, in this study we found 32% of the E. faecalis isolates with intermediate susceptibility to vancomycin that is an antibiotic recommended intravenously to treat a number of bacterial infections caused by resistant strains in hospitalized patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…can be associated with chronic periodontal diseases and endodontic infections [6,7].The presence of enterococci within the root canal has been associated with persistent endodontic and periapical infections, being E. faecalis the most prevalent specie [8][9][10][11]. E. faecalis play an important role in post-treatment diseases because this specie can show high resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents, such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and calcium hydroxide [12][13][14]. In addition, certain clinical isolates of E. faecalis recovered from root canal infections demonstrated resistant to several antibiotics recommended for dental procedures, such as benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, clindamycin, and tetracycline [15], cephalosporins [8], azithromycin, and erythromycin [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E. faecalis play an important role in post-treatment diseases because this specie can show high resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents, such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and calcium hydroxide [12][13][14]. In addition, certain clinical isolates of E. faecalis recovered from root canal infections demonstrated resistant to several antibiotics recommended for dental procedures, such as benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, clindamycin, and tetracycline [15], cephalosporins [8], azithromycin, and erythromycin [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic infections: antibiotic resistance profile and susceptibility to photodynamic therapy

et al. 2017

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Introduction Enterococcus faecium has become an important microorganism in nosocomial infections with great ability to acquire antibiotic resistance. However, little is known about their presence on the oral cavity. Therefore, our objective was to verify the presence of E. faecium and E. faecalis in endodontic infections and compare their susceptibility to conventional antibiotics and photodynamic therapy. Methods We performed 38 collections from the root canals of different patients. Positive Enterococcus agar samples were submitted to phenotypic and genotypic testing for speciesspecific confirmation. The isolates identified as E. faecium and E. faecalis were tested for susceptibility to antibiotics by the E-test method. After that, the isolates were evaluated for susceptibility to photodynamic therapy (PDT) using methylene blue and gallium arsenide aluminum laser with a wavelength of 660 nm and fluence of 39.5 J/cm 2 (energy of 15 J and time of 428 s).Results Cultures positive for E. faecalis were found in 22 patients (58%). Among these patients, only two had E. faecium in mixed infections with E. faecalis. In the isolates of E. faecalis, 27% were resistant to antibiotics, including tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin. The isolates of E. faecium showed no resistance to the antibiotics tested. Both the isolates of E. faecium and E. faecalis exhibit significant susceptibility to PDT, including the isolates resistant to antibiotics. The reductions achieved by PDT ranged of 2.76 to 4.31 log 10 for E. faecalis strains and of 3.93 to 4.33 log 10 for E. faecium strains. Conclusion E. faecium showed lower prevalence in endodontic infections and higher susceptibility to antibiotics when compared to E. faecalis. In in vitro assays, PDT had a significant antimicrobial activity for both strains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic infections: antibiotic resistance profile and susceptibility to photodynamic therapy

et al. 2017

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“…However, Enterococcus faecalis showed moderate sensitivity to Ampicillin with little sensitive to Rifampin but with subtile variations [26]. The E. faecalis showed sensitivity to Doxycycline and resistance to Erythromycin similar to those of Pinheiro and co-workers [42] while our Staphylococcus epidermides was sensitive to Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin, Chloramphenicol, Rifampin, Amikacin and Tobramycin [43]; and the Staphylococcus xylosus showed resistance to Erythromycin; however, both bacteria resisted Erythromycine [44]. The variation in the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics depends upon species to another and strain to another due to different mechanism of action against antibiotics.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Impact of Some Antibiotics on Bacteria Isolated from Appendices in Kirkuk Province, Iraq

Bazzaz¹,

Lor²,

Mahdi³

2018

ABB

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A bacteriological study of 50 appendectomy cases for patients diagnosed by physicians to be appendicitis, within Kirkuk province was carried out to isolate the habitat bacteria of appendix and to assess the impact of some antibiotics on isolated bacterial species from the appendices. The age of patients ranged between 3 -45 year old (21 male and 29 female). The culture results showed 94% single isolate with 2% negative growth and 4% mixed growth were obtained. The gram positive bacteria isolate formed (11.77%) less than gram negative (88.23%). The total isolates represented 51 included Escherichia coli 34 (66.66%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis 3 (5.89%), Klebsiella pneumonia 3 (5.89%), Citrobacter youngae 2 (3.92%), Raultella terrigena 2 (3.92%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2 (3.92%), Enterrobacter cloacae 1 (1.96%), Serratia fonticola 1 (1.96%), Entercoccus faecium 1 (1.92%), Staphylococcus epidermides 1 (1.96%) and Staphylococcus xylosus 1 (1.96%). The Staphylococcus xylosus was the first time to be isolated in Kirkuk city while both of Raultella terrigena and Citrobacter youngae were isolated for the first time in appendix samples. Only 16 various antibiotics were tested against Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa while 12 and 7 against Staphylococcus sp. and Enterococcus sp., respectively. The Imipenem and Amikacin were found to be most effective antibiotics against all Enterobacteriaceae isolates and Pseudomonas aeruginosa while Ampicillin, Piperacillin, Ceftazidime, Augmentin, and Cephalothin were ineffective against all isolated bacteria. The Penicillin and Vancomycin were effective against gram positive bacteria.

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“…The main causes of treatment failure are the presence of persistent microorganisms and the recontamination of the canal due to inadequate sealing [4,5]. In the case of conventional endodontic treatment failure, retreatment, surgical endodontic treatment or extraction are carried out with the use of antibiotics and antiseptics as adjunctive therapies, but the long-term use of chemical antimicrobial agents, however, can be rendered ineffective by resistance developing in the target organisms [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy combined with conventional endodontic treatment to eliminate root canal biofilm infection

et al. 2006

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Background and Objective: To compare the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT), standard endodontic treatment and the combined treatment to eliminate bacterial biofilms present in infected root canals. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Ten singlerooted freshly extracted human teeth were inoculated with stable bioluminescent Gram-negative bacteria, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to form 3-day biofilms in prepared root canals. Bioluminescence imaging was used to serially quantify bacterial burdens. PDT employed a conjugate between polyethylenimine and chlorin(e6) as the photosensitizer (PS) and 660-nm diode laser light delivered into the root canal via a 200-m fiber, and this was compared and combined with standard endodontic treatment using mechanical debridement and antiseptic irrigation. Results: Endodontic therapy alone reduced bacterial bioluminescence by 90% while PDT alone reduced bioluminescence by 95%. The combination reduced bioluminescence by > 98%, and importantly the bacterial regrowth observed 24 hours after treatment was much less for the combination (P < 0.0005) than for either single treatment. Conclusions: Bioluminescence imaging is an efficient way to monitor endodontic therapy. Antimicrobial PDT may have a role to play in optimized endodontic therapy. Lasers Surg.

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Antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from canals of root filled teeth with periapical lesions

Abstract: Enterococcus faecalis isolates were completely susceptible, in vitro, to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, vancomycin and moxifloxacin. Most isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, doxycycline or ciprofloxacin. Erythromycin and azithromycin were least effective.

Cited by 96 publications

References 49 publications

Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic infections: antibiotic resistance profile and susceptibility to photodynamic therapy

Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic infections: antibiotic resistance profile and susceptibility to photodynamic therapy

Impact of Some Antibiotics on Bacteria Isolated from Appendices in Kirkuk Province, Iraq

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy combined with conventional endodontic treatment to eliminate root canal biofilm infection

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