Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from Urine Samples from Female Patients Suffering From Urinary Tract Infection at Tertiary Care Center in South India

Abstract

Introduction: The frequency of bacteria affecting urinary tract and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern vary from one territory to another. This study was conducted to determine spectrum of bacterial isolates causing UTI and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern among female patients attending tertiary care center
 Materials and Methods: A total of 577 female urine culture sensitivity reports (CS) were collected. The culture was done by inoculation by standard loop technique. Antibiotic susceptibility testing for identified bacteria was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and result was interpreted as per CLSI guidelines. Data was analyzed using SPSS software.
 Results: Infection rates were similar up to reproductive age group with no significant difference between gram-positive (GP) and gram-negative organisms (GN) but post reproductive age group suffered more from GN. The most commonly infecting organism was Staphylococci followed by Escherichia coli showing resistance in >50% tests to cephalosporins, penicillin and fluoroquinolones. All antibiotics are showing resistance from one or the other organisms.
 Conclusion: The commonly infecting bacteria are developing resistance to regularly used antibiotics raising concerns of cross resistance and selection of antibiotics. This warrants due diligence by all stakeholders, including public-health authorities, health care providers, policymakers and even the public to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance.

Study of the prevalence and antibiotics susceptibility patterns in clinically significant isolates among urine sample in a tertiary care centre

“…2021), which found a growth rate of 33.96%. 4,21,27 Our research also found that females exhibited a higher growth rate (59.40%) compared to males (40.60%). These findings align with previous studies conducted by Pritam 2022), where females showed growth rates of 66.78%, 66.8%, 62.90%, and 60%, respectively, while males exhibited growth rates of 33.22%, 33.2%, 37.10%, and 40%.…”

“…21 Some of the powerful drugs like penicillin, third generation cephalosporins ceftazidime, and cefotaxime, fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin, aminoglycosides like amikacin and gentamicin have revolutionized the treatment. 21 Treatment with antibiotics is the empirical therapy used for the UTIs but in some cases empirical therapy is started even before the culture and sensitivity report that also with latest antibiotics. 21 Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are typically treated with antimicrobial agents.…”

“…21 Treatment with antibiotics is the empirical therapy used for the UTIs but in some cases empirical therapy is started even before the culture and sensitivity report that also with latest antibiotics. 21 Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are typically treated with antimicrobial agents. However, in some cases, patients are given antibiotics before the culture and sensitivity reports.…”

“…However, in some cases, patients are given antibiotics before the culture and sensitivity reports. 21 This practice can contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance against latest antibiotics available.…”

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from diabetic patients in Mogadishu, Somalia

“…When comparing our study’s findings to those of other studies conducted outside of the study area and Africa, it is clear that antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli infections is a global concern. a study conducted in India found high rates of resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin ( Vidya et al, 2021 ). Similarly, a study conducted in Zimbabwe found high rates of resistance to ciprofloxacin and Cefotaxime ( Demilie et al, 2012 ).…”