Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Of Salmonella Species In Contemporary Medical Practice: Challenges And Prospects In Treatment Of Enteric Fevers

Jombo, Gta; Enenebeaku, Mno; Utsalo, SJ

doi:10.4314/gjcm.v2i1-2.47923

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…to gentamycin without any resistance recorded. Notwithstanding, our study partly corroborates studies done by Jambo et al [22] who recorded a low 6.9% susceptibility to gentamycin with a 93.1% resistance to the antibiotics. Level of resistance against gentamycin was very much in agreement to the findings of Samanta et al [23] who found 100% of their Salmonella isolates resistant gentamycin in India.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Salmonella Species Isolated from Snail (Archachatina marginata) Sold in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Daminabo

Ogbonna

Odu

et al. 2020

EJNFS

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Increase in microbial population especially Salmonella species in food due to improper handling, storage and exposure to contaminants can raise public health concerns when consumed without adequate processing. This study evaluates the prevalence and antibiogram of Salmonella species associated with the giant land Snail (Archachatina marginata) sold in markets around Port Harcourt metropolis. A total number of seventy two (72) samples of land snail were collected from three markets; Creek Road, Mile one and Rumuokoro. The samples were labelled and transported in an ice packed coolers to the laboratory for analyses. Standard microbiological protocols were employed to determine the microbial load and species of the various parts (intestine, meat and fluid) of the snail samples after shucking. Antibiotics sensitivity profile testing of the isolated and identified Salmonella species were carried out as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) and statistical analyses using one way ANOVA and all pairs Turkey-Kramer. Results from the study showed that the highest total heterotrophic bacteria count (THBC) of 8.6x106CFU/g was obtained in the snail intestine sourced from Creek road market while THBCs of 8.2x106 CFU/g and 7.3x106 CFU/g were from Mile one and Rumuokoro markets respectively. THBCs of meat from the markets ranged from 4.3-5.4x106 CFU/g and 3.7-4.9x106CFU/ml in fluid with Rumuokoro having the least occurrence respectively. Mean Salmonella counts (MSCs) ranged from 0.4-3.6 x103 CFU/g, with least count obtained from Rumuokoro and Mile 1 markets. Similarly, least MSCs in fluid and intestine were obtained from Rumuokoro and Mile 1 whereas Creek road Market had the highest respectively. Three species of Salmonella; S. arizonae, S. gallinarum and S. typhi were predominant in addition to other species such as Vibrio spp,, Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Shigella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacter spp., E. coli, Micrococcus spp., Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. and Listeria spp identified using both conventional and molecular method. Antibiogram profile revealed that all the identified Salmonella species were susceptible to Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin but strongly resistance to Cetazidime and Gentamicin. The diversity and elevated microbial load observed from this study calls for caution in handling and processing of snails since most of these bacteria may become aetiologic agents of several food-borne diseases and other pathological conditions. As a necessity, good quality control measures and proper chemotherapy should be administered to patients with signs and symptoms of food borne illness emanating from consumption of snail.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Salmonella Species Isolated from Snail (Archachatina marginata) Sold in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Daminabo

Ogbonna

Odu

et al. 2020

EJNFS

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show abstract

“…to Gentamycin without any resistance recorded. Notwithstanding, our study corroborates with report by Jambo et al [29] who recorded a low 6.9% susceptibility to Gentamycin with a 93.1% resistance to the antibiotics. Level of resistance against Gentamycin was very much in agreement to the findings of Samantha et al [30] who found 100% of their Salmonella isolates resistant Gentamycin in india.…”

Section: Spp Count Of the Various Sample Parts From The Three Marketssupporting

confidence: 93%

Antibiogram of Listeria and Salmonella Species Isolated from Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis nitolicus) and Snail (Archachatina marginata) Sold in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Odu

Ogbonna

Daminabo

2021

JAMB

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Land snails are ubiquitous creatures found on farms, forests and domesticated in homes. Bacteriological studies indicate that various potentially pathogenic bacteria inhabit different organs and tissues including the haemolymph of the African giant snail, the presence of pathogenic bacteria in the snails are a health threat to consumers and may cause food borne diseases/ infection. Pollution of aquatic environments with organic waste of animal and human origin may lead to transfer of pathogens to the fishes, thereby making them carriers of the pathogens. In this study antibiogram studies were carried out on the isolates from snail and tilapia fish to determine antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella species isolated from tilapia fishes and snails sold in Port Harcourt. One hundred and thirty two (132) samples were obtained from three different markets namely; Creek road, Mile one and Rumuokoro markets over a period of six months. Standard analytical protocols were employed to determine the bacteriological characteristics of the various parts such as intestine, flesh/meat, gills and fluid(snail). Antibiogram of Listeria and Salmonella species were determined using standard methods as recommended by CLSI. Statistical analyses were carried out using ANOVA and All pairs tukey-kramer. Results of Total heterotrophic bacterial count shows that snail samples had the highest number of bacterial count compared to frozen tilapia fishes. Mean Listeria spp. count for frozen tilapia fish ranged from 2.7 ±0.68 x104cfu/g to 2.9 ±0.23 x104cfu/g (flesh), 3.3 ±0.15 x104 to 3.7 ±0.35 x104cfu/g (gill), 3.8 ±0.44 x104 to 4.3 ±0.57 x104 cfu/g (Intestine), across the three markets, Mean Listeria spp. count for snail sample ranged from 0.7 ±0.29 x104 to 1.1 ±0.18 x104cfu/ml (Snail fluid) 1.1 ±0.18 x104 to 1.2 ±0.16 x104cfu/g (meat), 1.6 ±0.44 x104 to 1.9 ±0.57 x104cfu/g (Intestine) Creek road market. Mean total Salmonella count for frozen tilapia fish ranged from 1.0 ±0 x103cfu/g to 1.3 ±0.58 x103 (flesh), 1.0 ± 0 x103 to 1.6 ± 0.58 x103cfu/g (gills), 1.2 ±0.5 x103 cfu/g to 2 .0 ±1.41 x103 cfu/g (Intestine), across the three markets. Mean total Salmonella count for snail ranged from 1.0 ±0.58 x103 to 1.3 ±0 x103cfu/ml (fluid), 1.5 ±1.0 x103 to 1.7 ±0.96 x103cfu/g (meat), 1.7 ±0.96 x103cfu/g to 3.0 ±1.58 x103cfu/g (Intestine), across the three markets. Results of antibiogram revealed that all the Listeria species were 100% susceptible to Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Gentamycin, Azithromycin, Erythromycin and Ceftriaxone-sulbactam but 100% resistance to Augmentin, Ciprofloxacin and Cefuxime while Salmonella species were 100% susceptible to Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin and resistance to Cetazidime and Gentamicin, thus, these drugs should be considered the drug of choice for infections caused by these bacteria,

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Isolation and Characterization of Antibiotics-resistant Enteric Bacteria from Borehole Waters in PRESCO Campus, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria

Nwachi

2024

UJMR

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Study’s Novelty/Excerpt This study investigates the bacterial contamination of borehole water at Presco campus, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, focusing on the identified bacteria's isolation, characterization, and antibiotic susceptibility. The research is unique in its detailed analysis of the antibiotic resistance patterns of Shigella and Salmonella species, revealing significant resistance to commonly used antibiotics like Trimethoprim-Sulphamethoxazole and Tetracycline, while also identifying effective antibiotics such as Ceftriaxone and Levofloxacin. These findings highlight the public health risks associated with contaminated borehole water and emphasize the need for regular monitoring and appropriate water treatment measures to ensure safe drinking water for the community. Full Abstract Water is essential for life. An adequate, safe, and accessible water supply must be available to all. Hence, this research aimed to isolate and characterize bacteria from borehole water samples located at the Presco campus, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, and test the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the bacteria isolated. Twelve (12) water samples were collected from six (6) locations in duplicates and analyzed using standard microbiological methods. Serial dilutions were performed on the samples and dilutions of 103 were plated using the pour plate method. After the incubation periods, colonies were counted and expressed in CFU/mL, biochemical tests were carried out and the antibiotics susceptibility profiles of the bacteria isolated were evaluated. From the results, the total microbial counts ranged from 1.0 x 104 to 5.9 x 104 CFU/mL, indicating high contamination of the water samples. The morphology and biochemical tests revealed the presence of Shigella species 5 (45.4 %) and Salmonella species 6 (54.6 %). Shigella species were highly resistant to both Trimethoprim-Sulphamethoxazole and Amoxicillin (80 %) and to Tetracycline (100 %) but were susceptible to Ceftriaxone (100 %) and Ciprofloxacin (80 %). On the other hand, Salmonella species showed a resistant pattern of 83.3 % to Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin, and Ceftriaxone but were susceptible to Levofloxacin (100 %) and Cefepime (83.3 %). This result is of public health importance as these organisms can threaten individuals utilizing these boreholes as the source of drinking water.

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Of Salmonella Species In Contemporary Medical Practice: Challenges And Prospects In Treatment Of Enteric Fevers

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Salmonella Species Isolated from Snail (Archachatina marginata) Sold in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Prevalence and Antibiogram of Salmonella Species Isolated from Snail (Archachatina marginata) Sold in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Antibiogram of Listeria and Salmonella Species Isolated from Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis nitolicus) and Snail (Archachatina marginata) Sold in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Isolation and Characterization of Antibiotics-resistant Enteric Bacteria from Borehole Waters in PRESCO Campus, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria

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