Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Mysuru, India

Abstract

Background: MRSA strains are the most common causes of community and hospital acquired infections. Antimicrobial medications have become a significant issue in the healthcare sector as a result of the increased death rate from Staphylococcus aureus infections, the appearance of methicillin-resistant and other multi-drug resistant strains. The study's goals and objectives were determining the prevalence of MRSA and assessing the antibiotic efficacy of MRSA isolates from various clinical samples. Materials and Methods:A total of 395 MRSA were isolated from various clinical specimens and identified by using standard microbiological techniques at tertiary care hospital of Mysore, South India. Methicillin resistance was determined by standard Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test using cefoxitin 30μg disk.Antimicrobial resistance patterns were determined by automated Vitek2 system.Results: A total of 246 (62.27%) isolates were identified as MRSA out of 395 S. aureus isolates collected from various clinical samples such as pus samples (86.17%), blood (3.65%), Et swabs (3.65%), ear swabs (2.84%), sputum (1.6%), urine (0.81%), and other sterile body fluids (1.21%). All MRSA isolates were susceptible (100%) to vancomycin, linezolid and daptomycin followed by other antibiotics like rifampicin (99%), tigecycline (96.74%), tetracycline (95.93%), teicoplanin (95.5%), gentamicin (73.17%). Most of the MRSA isolates were resistant to oxacillin (97.15%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (95.12%), Levofloxacin (93.49%), ciprofloxacin (92.68%), clindamycin (87.80%), erythromycin (63.41%). Conclusion:In our study, we found MRSA isolates were susceptible to most active and reliable routinely used antibiotics. Good infection control procedures like thorough hand washing, identifying and treating MRSA carriers, and prudent use of antimicrobial medicines are advised to prevent the formation of drug-resistant isolates. In addition to the Vitek 2 approach, we may conclude that cefoxitin disc diffusion is an essential test to diagnose MRSA.