Antimicrobial TiN-Ag Coatings in Leather Insole for Diabetic Foot

Marques, S. M.; Carvalho, Isabel; Leite, Teófilo; Henriques, Mariana; Carvalho, S.

doi:10.3390/ma15062009

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The resulting depth h for these coatings was, respectively, the following: 5 ± 1, 16 ± 5, and 7 ± 1 nm, and the specific volumetric wear ω was: (0.85 ± 0. The influence of the mechanical properties on the tribological properties (reduction of CoF and specific volumetric wears) of TiN coatings was shown in [11,24], and the influence of topography and surface roughness was shown in [10]. In the second group, coatings deposited at 1 and 1.5 sccm have small changes in CoF values relative the average values of 0.086 and 0.184, respectively (Figures 10b and 12f,g) throughout the entire test distance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The influence of the mechanical properties on the tribological properties (reduction of CoF and specific volumetric wears) of TiN coatings was shown in [ 11 , 24 ], and the influence of topography and surface roughness was shown in [ 10 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, thin TiN coatings are already used in electrochemical microcapacitors (microsupercapacitors) as high-performance electrodes [ 19 , 20 ], and as anode material for thin-film Li-ion batteries [ 21 ]. However, the influence of the method and parameters of deposition of such thin coatings on their stoichiometric composition, structure, thickness, and properties remains important [ 1 , 16 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] to achieve the required parameters for use in certain devices. Adapting MEMS coatings requires studying the behavior and changing surface properties at the micro- and nanoscales [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Nitrogen Flow on the Stoichiometric Composition, Structure, Mechanical, and Microtribological Properties of TiN Coatings

Lapitskaya,

Nikolaev,

Khabarava

et al. 2023

Materials

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Utilizing reactive DC magnetron sputtering method, TiN coatings were deposited on the silicon substrates at different nitrogen flows and powers. A study of the X-ray phase composition of the coatings was carried out. The stoichiometric composition of the coatings was determined using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The structure of the surface, cross-section, and thickness of the coatings were determined using scanning electron (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant change in the surface structure of TiN coatings was established with changes in deposition power and nitrogen flow. SEM images of cross-sections of all coated samples showed that the formation of coatings occurs in the form of a columnar structure with a perpendicular orientation relative to the silicon substrate. The mechanical properties (elastic modulus E and microhardness H) of TiN coatings of the first group demonstrate a maximum at a nitrogen flow of 3 sccm and are 184 ± 11 GPa and 15.7 ± 1.3 GPa, respectively. In the second group, the values of E and H increase due to a decrease in the size of the structural elements of the coating (grains and crystallites). In the third group, E and H decrease. Microtribological tests were carried out in 4 stages: at a constant load, multi-cycle for 10 and 100 cycles, and with increasing load. The coefficient of friction (CoF) and specific volumetric wear ω depend on the roughness, topology, and mechanical properties of the resulting coatings. Fracture toughness was determined using nanoscratch and depends on the mechanical properties of TiN coatings. Within each group, coatings with the best mechanical and microtribological properties were described: in the first group—TiN coating at 3 sccm (with (29.6 ± 0.1) at.% N), in the second group—TiN coating at 2 sccm (with (40.8 ± 0.2) at.% N), and in the third group—TiN coating at 1 sccm (c (37.3 ± 0.2) at.% N).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Nitrogen Flow on the Stoichiometric Composition, Structure, Mechanical, and Microtribological Properties of TiN Coatings

Lapitskaya,

Nikolaev,

Khabarava

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…The cytotoxicity was tested using fibroblasts 3T3 (CCL-163) obtained from the American Type Cell Collection (ATCC) by an indirect test performed with the saline AS used in the analysis of the ICP-OES that was in contact with fabrics substrates uncoated (virgin) and coated with Ag/DLC for 168 h, in accordance with ISO 10993-5:2009. The cytotoxicity procedure was according to [38]. The assays were performed at least three times and in triplicate.…”

Section: Characterization Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Vapor Deposition Technology in Personal Protective Equipment Production: Improved Antibacterial and Hydrophobic Character of Textiles

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Personal protective equipment (PPE) has been adapted as biological threats have emerged, such as increasingly drug-resistant bacteria and the emergence of new viruses such as Covid-19. PPE must be increasingly resilient to prevent the proliferation of pathogens, but using sustainable raw materials and environmentally friendly technologies. The aim of this study is to show a new way of modifying the surface of various types of fabrics to enable their efficient use as PPE. The Ag/DLC coating was successfully deposited by sputtering onto several types of textiles using different chemical compositions of Ag/DLC (0, 8, 10, and 12Ag). As a crucial parameter, wettability was evaluated, showing that silver addition increases the hydrophobicity character of the coated fabrics, namely in cotton, changing from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity were evaluated on all coatings, revealing that they are efficient in eliminating the spread of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and pose no risk to the human body. The results presented here are promising in protecting healthcare workers, with the next steps being to study the efficiency of these coatings against viruses. In addition, this study reveals an opportunity to use sustainable fabrics, such as cotton, with high efficiency in protection against pathogens, instead of synthetic fiber textiles.

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“…Studies involving TiN/Ag multilayers deposited on titanium alloys showed the formation of a film with antibacterial properties [19][20][21][22]. In this context, the formation of decorative TiN films with silver becomes interesting and can play an important role in protecting sanitary metals from the formation of biofilms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ag Behavior on TiN Thin Films for Decorative Coatings

Arruda,

Mansano,

Ordonez

et al. 2024

Coatings

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TiN-Ag ceramic coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering on silicon wafers and AISI F138 stainless-steel substrates with different Ag concentrations were evaluated for their application as decorative coatings. The results obtained indicated an almost linear increase in the thickness and roughness of the film as a function of the increase in the silver content of the film. For Ag concentrations greater than (8.3 ± 0.5) at %, a matte/satin finish was observed, i.e., a dull surface, produced by the agglomeration of particulates and the increase in roughness, respectively, which was corroborated by SEM and AFM analyses. The EDS analyses indicated particles with a high concentration of silver, but the elements titanium and nitrogen were also observed, indicating the formation of the TiN-Ag coating. The L*a*b* parameters in the CIELab color space were evaluated. No major variations were observed for coatings A and B (Ag concentrations of (4.1 ± 0.4) and (6.3 ± 1.2) at %, respectively). When the Ag content increased substantially, there was a corresponding decrease in L* values, as well as a shift in red reflectance. Furthermore, unwanted changes in the visual appearance and resistance to accelerated corrosion (salt spray) were also analyzed, as these factors compromised the film’s aesthetics in decorative applications.

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Antimicrobial TiN-Ag Coatings in Leather Insole for Diabetic Foot

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

The Influence of Nitrogen Flow on the Stoichiometric Composition, Structure, Mechanical, and Microtribological Properties of TiN Coatings

The Influence of Nitrogen Flow on the Stoichiometric Composition, Structure, Mechanical, and Microtribological Properties of TiN Coatings

Physical Vapor Deposition Technology in Personal Protective Equipment Production: Improved Antibacterial and Hydrophobic Character of Textiles

Ag Behavior on TiN Thin Films for Decorative Coatings

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