Antimony-modified soda-lime-silica glass: Towards low-cost radiation-resistant materials

Spectroscopic Investigation of Historical Uranium Glasses

“…Such processes were evocated to explain the reduced sensitivity of nuclear glasses to ionizing radiation [51] as compared to glasses devoid of transition elements. Recent research by some of the present authors [50] has shown that the presence of Sb in glass can improve radiation-hardness of the glass and greatly reduce the number of defect centres caused by gamma-irradiation.…”

“…The low intensity of the incipient signal tentatively assigned to radiation defect centres may be explained by a partial trapping of electrons and holes by the multivalent impurities present in the glass, as Fe, Mn, Cu, As or Sb, and U. Several studies have shown such selfhealing or radiation-hard behaviour in glasses containing multivalent elements [47][48][49][50]. In the specific case of self-irradiation in glasses, the radioactive decay generates excitons that interact with the redox couples present.…”

Copper nanoparticle and point defect formation in Cu+–Na+ ion-exchanged glass using protons of 2 MeV energy

“…In our experiments, only a glass depth of 33 μm was irradiated by the protons. The conversion mechanism could be postulated as follows:e − + Cu + ⇒ Cu 0 m Cu 0 ⇒ (Cu 0 ) m where Si–O−h + is a NBOHC defect, identified in previous reports as [Si–O°], 39,40 h + is a hole, e − is an electron, and m is the number of Cu atoms forming the nanoparticles.…”

“…HC 1 → -Si-O ˙⋯Na + , where '⋯' represents the dangling bond). 39,48 The difficulty in detecting these defects could be attributed to their lower concentration than the formed HC 2 -type defects, making their detection too difficult to observe using UV-VIS spectroscopy.…”

Macroscopic and microscopic radiation effects on glass materials

“…重金属氧化物玻璃(HMO)是指以氧化铅(PbO) 、氧化铋(bi 2 O 3 )等具有较高原子数 的金属氧化物为基本元素而制成的玻璃 [138] 。重金属氧化物在玻璃组分中的含量一般超过百 分之五十，具有高密度、高折射率、高红外透过率等特性 [139] 。 锑(Sb)掺杂在一定程度上也可以提高玻璃的抗辐照性能，其原理与 Ce 元素掺杂类似， Sb 3+ 离子与空穴通过氧化反应形成 Sb 4+ 离子，可减少电离辐照诱导形成的缺陷。Gupta 等 [140] 通过锑改性碱-石灰-硅酸盐玻璃研究，证实了这种低成本、可商业化方法的可行性。此 外，根据 Sayyed 等 [102] 对掺杂 Sb 2 O 3 的碱-石灰-硅酸盐玻璃的辐照屏蔽性能及力学性能的 研究，随着 Sb 2 O 3 浓度的增加，玻璃辐照屏蔽性能随之增加。…”