Antimycotic Activities of Selected Plant Flora, Growing Wild in Lebanon, against Phytopathogenic Fungi

Abou‐Jawdah, Y.; Sobh, H.; Salameh, A.S.

doi:10.1021/jf0115490

Cited by 86 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…O. syriacum grows mainly in the East Mediterranean Region: South Anatolia, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, Sinai Peninsula (Seidermann, 2005). In recent years, O. syriacum has drawn attention for its antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition (Alzheimer's disease) (Loizzo et al, 2009, Zein, 2011; antifungal activity (Alternaria solani, Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium sp., Verticillium dahlia, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (Kintzios, 2004, Daouk, 1995, Abou-Jawdah, 2002, 2004 (Kintzios, 2004); analgesic activity; antiflogistic activity (atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease), antirheumatic, expectorant, sedative, antiparasitic and antihelminthic activities (Zein, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Essential Oil Compounds of Origanum Syriacum L.

Farhat¹,

Tóth²,

Héthelyi³

et al. 2012

Acta Facultatis Pharmaceuticae Universitatis Comenianae

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Syrian oregano (Origanum syriacum L., Lamiaceae) is a very popular culinary herb that has been used through the ages in traditional medicine mainly in Lebanon and the Arab world. The subject of this study was the microscopic analysis of the herbal drug Origani syriaci folium, as well as the chemical analysis of its essential oil components. Plant materials originated from Arabsalim -South Lebanon and were collected in 2010. The presence of very dense clusters of multicellular covering trichomes (510 µm × 18.47 µm) and peltate secretory glands (∅ 87.95 µm) with eight cells were observed. The essential oil of Origani syriaci folium was isolated and quantified using hydrodistillation according to SPhC 1997. The content of essential oil was 95 ml/1000 g, i.e. 9.5% (V/m). The volatile constituents of Origani syriaci folium were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated using SPME GC/MS. The two dominant constituents identified in Syrian oregano leaves were carvacrol (78.4%) and thymol (17.9%).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Essential Oil Compounds of Origanum Syriacum L.

Farhat¹,

Tóth²,

Héthelyi³

et al. 2012

Acta Facultatis Pharmaceuticae Universitatis Comenianae

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“…29) The present study was undertaken to verify the chemical composition, antioxidant activities and antimicrobial activities of these oils from leaves of this plant growing in maquis in the southern part of Turkey.…”

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confidence: 99%

Screening Chemical Composition and in Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils from Origanum syriacum L. Growing in Turkey

Alma

Mavi

Yıldırım

et al. 2003

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

208

128

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Essential (volatile) oils of herbs and their components, products from the secondary metabolism of a plant, have many applications in folk medicine, food flavoring and preservation as well as in the fragrance and pharmaceutical industries. The antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of essential oils have been known for a long time, and a number of investigations have been conducted on their antimicrobial activities using various bacteria, viruses and fungi. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Free radicals, e.g., superoxide ions (O 2 · Ϫ ), hydroxyl radicals (OH · ) and non-free radical compounds, can be responsible for lipid peroxidation (deterioration) in foods [7][8][9] and for various diseases such as malaria, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, heart disease, stroke, arteriosclerosis, diabetes and cancer etc. 10,11) It has been reported that some synthetic antioxidant compounds such as butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole, commonly used in processed foods, have side effects. 12,13) Therefore, investigations on identifying the natural antioxidants have become very important issue. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] In this study, the leaves of Syrian oreganum (Origanum syriacum L.) were screened for their antioxidant activity as well as antimicrobial properties and chemical composition.O. syriacum is native to the eastern Mediterranean, southern Europe and western Asia, and is cultivated in many parts of the world and commonly called Syrian oreganum, bible hyssop or wild marjoram. The descriptions of O. syriacum are as follows: Subshrub to 90 cm, hirsute-tomentose. Branches to 10 pairs per stem, to 10 a lenght of cm. Leaves petiolate or subsessile (petiole to 8 mm), ovate, 5-35ϫ4-23 mm, acute or obtuse, entire or remotely serrulate or crenulate, veins raised on lower surface. Spicules in paniculate inflorescence, c. 5-25ϫ4 mm. Bracts obovate or elliptic, 2-5ϫ1.5-3.5 mm, acute or obtuse, entire or denticulate. Calyx c. 2.5 mm. Corolla 4.5-7.5 mm. Fl. 5-10. Calcareous rocks and slopes, often in partial shade, 200-2700 m. 22)The leaves of O. syriacum, a very popular Arab spice, have been used as an herbal (traditional) medicine, flavour, fragrance and for aromatherapy in the form of bath, massage, steam inhalation, and vapurization. 23,24) It is used in teas and cooked or baked foods. It has a strong oregano flavor and also is thought to be the "Hyssop" mentioned in the Bible and to have powers of spiritual purification.The essential oils from the leaves of Syrian oreganum reportedly have ovicidal, 25) bioherbicidal, 24) insecticidal, 26,27) antifungal 28) and antimycotic activities.29) The present study was undertaken to verify the chemical composition, antioxidant activities and antimicrobial activities of these oils from leaves of this plant growing in maquis in the southern part of Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODSIn this study, the leaves of Syrian oreganum [Origanum syriacum L. Science, Hiroshima University; 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan. Received June 19, 2003; accepted August 5, 200...

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“…arborescens, H. perforatum, J. curcas, P. granatum, P. graveolens, S. officinale, S. officinalis and S. nigra (DAMME et al, 2002;GIAMPERI et al, 2002;HOLETZ et al, 2002;KAWAI et al, 1998;LU et al, 2002;SENER, 1994;SHIN, 2003;THANGAVELU et al, 2004), none of them influenced the germination of C. gloeosporioides spores (Table 1). An unexpected result was obtained for the extracts of F. vulgare, G. hederaceae, M. glabra, M. spicata and M. oleifera, whose antifungal activity has already been described in the literature (ABOU-JAWDAH et al, 2002;ADAM et al, 1998;CACERES et al, 1993;CORTEZ et al, 1998;LIMA et al, 1992;PATRA et al, 2002). Somehow, they increased the germination of C. gloeosporioides spores ( Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Evaluation of the antifungal activity by plant extracts against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz

et al. 2008

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Aiming to develop more efficient and environmental friendly methods than those available to control Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz, which causes blister spot in coffee trees, a search for plants able to produce substances active against such pathogen was carried out. Thus, extracts of 48 plant species, collected at Alto Rio Grande region, in Minas Gerais, were prepared and submitted to in vitro assays with that fungus. The best results were obtained with the extracts prepared from Digitalis lanata Ehrh, Origanum manjorona L., Plantago lanceolata Hook. and Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni, which inhibited C. gloeosporioides spores germination. After dilution of some active extracts with aqueous 1 % Tween 80 solution in a 1:2 or 1:3 ratio (extract:aqueous solution), their antifungal activity vanished. Some of the active extracts were also submitted to freeze drying and none of them presented any alteration in their antifungal activity. Concluding, several plants presented potential to be used in the search for new bioactive substances to control C. gloeosporioides, especially O. manjorona L., which inhibited 96 % of the fungus spores germination.Index terms: Disease control, biocide, Coffee s blister spot. RESUMOCom vistas a contribuir para o desenvolvimento de métodos mais eficientes e menos agressivos ao ambiente que aqueles disponíveis para o controle de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz, causador da mancha manteigosa em cafeeiros, buscou-se identificar espécies vegetais produtoras de substâncias ativas contra o referido patógeno. Para tanto, prepararam-se extratos de 48 espécies vegetais, coletadas na região do Alto Rio Grande, em Minas Gerais, para serem submetidos a testes in vitro com o mencionado fungo. Constatou-se que os melhores resultados foram obtidos com os extratos oriundos de Digitalis lanata Ehrh, Origanum manjorona L., Plantago lanceolata Hook. e Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni que inibiram a germinação dos esporos de C. gloeosporioides. Alguns dos extratos ativos também foram submetidos a diluições em solução aquosa de Tween 80 a 1%, o que permitiu observar que, na proporção de 1:2 ou 1:3 (extrato: solução aquosa), os extratos perdiam a atividade antifúngica. Verificouse também que alguns dos extratos ativos não alteraram suas atividades quando submetidos ao processo de liofilização. Desse modo, identificaram-se várias plantas promissoras na pesquisa por novas substâncias bioativas para o controle de C. gloeosporioides, com destaque para O. manjorona L., que inibiu 96% da germinação dos esporos do referido fungo.Termos para indexação: Controle de doenças, biocida, mancha manteigosa do cafeeiro.

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Antimycotic Activities of Selected Plant Flora, Growing Wild in Lebanon, against Phytopathogenic Fungi

Cited by 86 publications

References 19 publications

Analysis of the Essential Oil Compounds of Origanum Syriacum L.

Analysis of the Essential Oil Compounds of Origanum Syriacum L.

Screening Chemical Composition and in Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils from Origanum syriacum L. Growing in Turkey

Evaluation of the antifungal activity by plant extracts against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz

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