Antioxidant Activity and Protective Effect of Anthocyanin Oligomers on H₂O₂-Triggered G2/M Arrest in Retinal Cells

Abstract

In this study, the free-radical-scavenging properties of anthocyanin oligomers for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, alkyl radical, and hydroxyl radical were evaluated using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The DPPH radical, alkyl radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of anthocyanin oligomers increased in a dose-dependent manner, with the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) value of 13.0, 14.0, and 448.0 μg/mL, respectively. The inhibitory effect of anthocyanin oligomers on lipid peroxidation was examined with ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA). The inhibitory activity of anthocyanin oligomers was found to be comparable to that of vitamin E. In addition, anthocyanin oligomers enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione peroxidase (GPx, EC 1.11.1.9), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST, EC 2.5.1.18) in ARPE-19 cells. In addition, anthocyanin oligomers inhibited the H₂O₂-induced G2/M phase arrest in ARPE-19 cells. Taken together, the present results demonstrate that anthocyanin oligomers have high antioxidative activity.

Protective Effects of Berry Extracts on Hydrogen Peroxide-induced Rat Brain Neuronal Cell Damage in vitro

“…Anthocyanins effectively neutralize free radicals. Antioxidant, anti-aging, and dementia prevention effects of anthocyanins have been reported [7,8]. Anthocyanins inhibit angiogenesis, prevent heart disease, reduce the risk of stroke, and have antiinflammatory and antiseptic effects [9].…”

AaCOI1, Encoding a CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1-Like Protein of Artemisia annua L., Is Involved in Development, Defense, and Anthocyanin Synthesis

“…Anthocyanin is a flavonoid that is involved in plant fertility and stress responses [57,58]. The beneficial effects of anthocyanin to human has also been documented [59][60][61][62]. In Arabidopsis and maize (Z. mays), JA-signaling promotes the biosynthesis of anthocyanin dependent of COI1 [47][48][49]63].…”

Current data on the role of anthocyanosides and flavonoids in the treatment of eye diseases

“…Результаты анализа способности антоцианов связывать радикалы в клетках сетчатки показали, что активность антоцианов была очень высока. Кроме того, они увеличивали действие супероксиддисмутазы, каталазы, которые ингибировали остановку деления клеток пигментного эпителия сетчатки (ARPE-19), вызванную присутствием перекиси водорода [15]. Антоцианы повышали экспрессию клеточных антиокислительных ферментов: каталазы, митохондриальной супероксиддисмутазы MnSOD (или SOD2), глутатионпероксидазы (Gpx1/2) и глутатион-S-трансферазы (Gsta1) [16].…”