Antioxidant Activity, Anti-Inflammatory Activity, and Whitening Effects of Extracts of Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb.

Abstract

In the present study, we analyzed the antioxidant, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-inflammatory, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of a variety of solvent extracts of Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb. (Family Elaeagnaceae). Among the solvent extracts of E. multiflora, the ethyl acetate extract (EE) exhibited the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and xanthine oxidase inhibition activity, as well as the greatest tyrosinase inhibition activity. Only the chloroform extract (CE) inhibited platelet aggregation, and that was a weak effect with 19.29% inhibition at 250 microg/mL, as compared to controls. The CE was also the most potent inhibitor of nitric oxide production among the tested fractions, with almost 100% inhibition at 500 microg/mL. We also detected 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenol in the CE and EE, via a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry assay. In conclusion, we found that E. multiflora Thunb. has antioxidant and antiplatelet aggregation effects to some extent, and its CE and EE possess potent inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production and tyrosinase activity.

The Xanthophyll Carotenoid Astaxanthin has Distinct Biological Effects to Prevent the Photoaging of the Skin Even by its Postirradiation Treatment

“…However, the effects of AX on hyperpigmentation of human skin have not been reported. In general, antioxidants exert their antipigmenting effects by inhibiting the activity of the critical melanogenic enzyme, TYR . On the other hand, since the antioxidant‐rich herbal extracts used in our earlier studies did not directly inhibit TYR activity and since their antioxidant properties may contribute to their antipigmenting effects, we examined the effects of AX on SCF‐ or EDN1‐stimulated pigmentation in HEEs and characterized its effects on melanogenic proteins at the gene and protein levels.…”

Fermentation with mono‐ and mixed cultures of Lactobacillus plantarum and L. casei enhances the phytochemical content and biological activities of cherry silverberry (Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb.) fruit

“…They are often processed into juice, tea, wine, jams and jellies and are also regarded as herbal medicine . The plants were always deemed as invasive species until potential functionality, health benefits and pharmacological properties of the fruits were discovered …”

Extracts of Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb. fruit fermented by lactic acid bacteria inhibit SW480 human colon adenocarcinoma via induction of cell cycle arrest and suppression of metastatic potential

“…The genus was considered invasive in many parts of the world until the nutritional and medicinal properties of several species have been explored in the past years (Patel, 2015). In particular, the species Elaeagnus multiflora Thunb., also known as cherry silverberry (CS), has been investigated for the phytochemical content (Lee, Seo, & Cho, 2011); antioxidant and antiproliferative activities (Oh & Lee, 2008); anti-inflammatory and whitening effects (Lee et al, 2007); and anticancer properties (Lee, Lee, & Park, 2010) of its different solvent extracts. Because of the fruit's promising potential as a functional food, it is important to apply processing techniques that would not only lengthen its shelf-life, but also enhance its biological activities.…”