Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoid Compounds in Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extract from Citrus Sinensis

Gulo, Kristin Natalia; Suhartomi,; Saragih, Albert Daniel; Raif, Martinus Ahmad; Ikhtiari, Refi

doi:10.1109/aims52415.2021.9466078

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Our Pearson’s analysis also showed a good positive correlation coefficient with phenolics (r 2 = 0.87) and flavonoids (r 2 = 0.85). Several reports have obtained an efficient extraction of phenolics and flavonoids from orange tissues using ethyl acetate as a solvent [ 62 , 63 ]. Since, in the current study, ethyl acetate was the solvent used to extract the lipophilic compounds to test the LAC by ABTS assay, it is reasonable to assume a certain contribution of these compounds to this activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Compounds, Nutritional Quality and Antioxidant Capacity of the Red-Fleshed Kirkwood Navel and Ruby Valencia Oranges

et al. 2022

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Kirkwood Navel and Ruby Valencia are two spontaneous bud-mutations of the ordinary Washington Navel and Valencia late oranges characterized by the red coloration of their flesh. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physiological features, internal fruit quality, contents of relevant bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in the pulps of the red-fleshed fruits compared with the ordinary oranges during late development and maturation. In general, the content of sugars, organic acids, vitamin C, tocopherols, total phenolics and flavonoids, the hydrophilic antioxidant capacity and their changes during maturation were similar in the red-fleshed oranges and in the corresponding blond oranges. However, the mature Ruby fruits contained lower concentrations of sugars, malic and succinic acid and higher levels of citric acid than the ordinary Valencia. The major difference between the pulps of the Kirkwood and Ruby oranges and those of the ordinary oranges was the higher lipophilic antioxidant capacity and SOAC (singlet oxygen absorption capacity) of the former. Together, the high and unique content and composition of carotenoids in Kirkwood and Ruby may contribute to an enhanced antioxidant capacity without any detrimental effects on other fruit-quality attributes, making these varieties good sources of phytochemicals for the fresh-fruit and juice-processing citrus industries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Compounds, Nutritional Quality and Antioxidant Capacity of the Red-Fleshed Kirkwood Navel and Ruby Valencia Oranges

et al. 2022

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“…Obtained filtrate was collected in a container to be evaporated by a rotary evaporator. Thus, it formed a concentrated Sunkist peel methanol extract (10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antiacne Activity of Sunkist Peels Methanol Extract in Propionibacterium Acne-Induced Acne Vulgaris

Mutia,

Damayanti,

Suyono

et al. 2023

AVERROUS

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Treatment with acne vulgaris is a challenge because the complex pathophysiology of acne vulgaris. One of the natural products that potentially use as a herbal medicine is Sunkist peel. The peel of Sunkist is more inclined to end up as waste from domestic industries. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiacne activity of the Sunkist peel methanol extract gel in vivo study. The experimental study used by applied Sunkist peel extract gel to rats injected intradermally with Propionibacterium acne suspension. One hour before the injection of Propionibacterium acnes suspension, all rats were applied to a topical gel based on the group. Control, standard, Sunkist Peel Extract Gel-I, II, and III groups received gel base, clindamycin, 5%, 10%, and 15% of Sunkist peel extract gel, respectively. This study indicates the methanol extract of Sunkist orange peel with a yield of 8.73% revealed the presence of some phytochemicals, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Sunkist orange peel methanol extract gel significantly reduced the size of acne vulgaris lesions after 7-14 days of extract application (p-value <0.05). It is in line with the histological study that the gel concentration increased, followed by the growth of the epidermal layer. This study sstrongly indicates that Sunkist orange peel methanol extract has an antiacne effect in a physically stable gel form.

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“…The levels of flavonoids with ethyl acetate solvent are higher than the levels of flavonoids with other solvents. The degree of polarity of ethyl acetate may be the same as that of flavonoids, according to Gulo et al (2021) . Extraction effectiveness is affected by the solubility level of solvent material.…”

Section: The Total Flavonoids Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of Active Compounds of Extract Ethanol, n-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Fraction Ethanol of Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) and Determination of Total Flavonoids, Total Phenolics and Their Potential as Antioxidants

Syukur¹,

Prahasiwi²,

Nurkhasanah

et al. 2023

Sci. Technol. Indones

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Profiling of chemical compounds on star anise extract and fractions showed the content and looked for active compounds. The main compounds in alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics, and triterpenoid forms were identified based on phytochemical screening. FTIR and GC-MS analysis were used to purify the extract and fractions’ main compounds. After analyzing the main components of extract and fractions, a correlation was made between the total phenolic and flavonoid content. The total phenolic content was determined by adding folincalteau complexing solution converted to gallic acid equivalent (GAE), while the total flavonoid content was determined by AlCl3 complexing solution converted to Quercetin Equivalent (QE). The total phenolic yields for extract ethanol, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and fraction ethanol were obtained at 106.45, 52.30, 93.46, and 148.97 mgGAE/g, respectively. Then the total flavonoid results were 107.45, 58.94, 148.99, 140.01 mgQE/g. The total content of phenolics and flavonoids illustrated the number of active compounds that have a role as free radical scavengers due to their group. Antioxidant activity was tested with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) on extracts and fractions, with the best IC50 results obtained in the ethanol fraction 0.416 mg/mL.

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Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoid Compounds in Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extract from Citrus Sinensis

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Bioactive Compounds, Nutritional Quality and Antioxidant Capacity of the Red-Fleshed Kirkwood Navel and Ruby Valencia Oranges

Bioactive Compounds, Nutritional Quality and Antioxidant Capacity of the Red-Fleshed Kirkwood Navel and Ruby Valencia Oranges

The Antiacne Activity of Sunkist Peels Methanol Extract in Propionibacterium Acne-Induced Acne Vulgaris

Profiling of Active Compounds of Extract Ethanol, n-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Fraction Ethanol of Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) and Determination of Total Flavonoids, Total Phenolics and Their Potential as Antioxidants

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