Antioxidant and anti-tumor promoting activities of the methanol extract of heat-processed ginseng

Keum, Young‐Sam; Park, Kwang-Kyun; Lee, Jongmin; Chun, Kyung‐Soo; Park, Jeong Hill; Lee, Seung Ki; Kwon, Hoonjeong; Surh, Young‐Joon

doi:10.1016/s0304-3835(99)00369-9

Cited by 358 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In this study, those IC 50 values were considered as "good" activity on breast cancer cell lines. The antitumour properties of several antioxidants have been described (Keum et al, 2000). Antioxidant activity of Melissa tea and hydro-alcoholic extracts have been described previously (Lamiason et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Antitumoral Effects of Melissa officinalis on Breast Cancer in Vitro and in Vivo

Saraydın¹,

Tuncer²,

Tepe³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Antitumoral Effects of Melissa officinalis on Breast Cancer in Vitro and in Vivo

Saraydın¹,

Tuncer²,

Tepe³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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“…11) SG, a recently developed heat-processed ginseng, has been reported to have stronger biological activities than conventional WG and RG. [17][18][19][20][21] However, the renal protective effect of SG in diabetic rats has not been reported yet, and there are very few reports which have attempted to elucidate the effect of ginseng on diabetes from a molecular biological aspect. In this study, the STZ-induced diabetic rat model was used to investigate the effect of SG on renal damage induced by hyperglycemia under diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16) This heat-processed ginseng, termed sun ginseng (SG), has been reported to have more potent pharmacological activities, such as vasorelaxation, antioxidant and anti-tumor activities. 17,18) Furthermore, SG showed stronger peroxynitrite (ONOO Ϫ ) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities than WG and RG in our previous in vitro study. 19) However, the effects of SG on diabetic rats have not been reported yet, and the enhanced radical scavenging activities of SG are thought to be beneficial against diabetic oxidative damage caused by hyperglycemia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Sun Ginseng against Diabetic Renal Damage

Kang

Kim

Yamabe

et al. 2006

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia. An abnormally elevated blood glucose level causes oxidative stress and the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), which have been closely linked to diabetic complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy. 1,2) In particular, diabetics are at increased risk for several types of kidney disease, and the predominant cause of end stage renal disease in this disorder is diabetic nephropathy. 3,4) However, recent clinical trials suggest that there is no effective treatment for diabetic nephropathy.5) Therefore, preventions of the occurrence and progression of diabetic nephropathy has become a very important issue. Therefore, great effort has been focused on traditional and herbal medicine without toxic effects to find a novel therapeutic agent for diabetic nephropathy.Panax ginseng C. A. MEYER is one of the most widely used herbal medicines in the Orient. It has a wide range of pharmacological and physiological actions, such as antiaging, immunoenhancement, antistress and antitumor. [6][7][8] In addition, several investigations strongly support the evidence that ginseng root possesses anti-diabetic properties, such as inhibition of intestinal glucose absorption, increase in energy expenditure, improving sensitivity to insulin and stimulation of sugar metabolism, etc.9-11) Moreover, ginseng root has been shown in clinical studies to have beneficial effects in diabetic patients. 12,13) Of the two kinds of ginseng, white ginseng (WG) is airdried ginseng, and red ginseng (RG) is produced by steaming raw ginseng at 98-100°C for 2-3 h. RG is reportedly more pharmacologically active than WG.14) These improved biological activities of ginsengs result from changes in the chemical constituents that occur during steam treatment. Ginseng saponins, referred to as ginsenosides, are believed to play a pharmacologically important role. Several investigators have reported new ginsenosides from RG that are not usually found in WG.15) Recently, a method which can enhance the yield of these RG specific components by steaming ginseng at a temperature higher than RG has been developed.16) This heat-processed ginseng, termed sun ginseng (SG), has been reported to have more potent pharmacological activities, such as vasorelaxation, antioxidant and anti-tumor activities.17,18) Furthermore, SG showed stronger peroxynitrite (ONOO Ϫ ) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities than WG and RG in our previous in vitro study.19) However, the effects of SG on diabetic rats have not been reported yet, and the enhanced radical scavenging activities of SG are thought to be beneficial against diabetic oxidative damage caused by hyperglycemia.Therefore, the protective effect of SG against renal damage caused by oxidative stress or the formation of AGEs under diabetes and its molecular biological mechanism were investigated in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODSReagents Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMS) and bactin were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.)....

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“…Ginseng has been reported to have protective effects against hepatic oxidative stress caused by exhaustive exercise (12) and against muscle injury and inflammation after eccentric exercise (13). Moreover, it has been reported that ginseng extracts scavenge superoxide radicals, inhibit lipid peroxidation and reduce the level of oxidative DNA damage caused by the Fenton agent (14,15). However, few in vivo studies have examined the neuroprotective effects of KRG on the rat brain affected by ischemia/ reperfusion injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Korean red ginseng protects against neuronal damage induced by transient focal ischemia in rats

Ban

Kang

Lee

et al. 2012

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) following focal brain ischemia/reperfusion injury, in relation to its antioxidant activities. The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model in rats was employed. The KRG extract (100 mg/kg, perorally) was administered once daily for 7 days following MCAO/R. The elevated levels of lipid peroxidation in the MCAO/R group were attenuated significantly in the KRG-administered group. The significantly depleted activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase was prevented in the KRG-administered group. In the neurobehavioral evaluation expressed as the modified neurological severity score and corner-turn test, the daily intake of KRG showed consistent and significant improvement in the neurological deficits for 7 days following MCAO/R injury. These results indicate that KRG has a neuroprotective effect against ischemia/reperfusion brain injury by reducing the level of lipid peroxidation and increasing the endogenous antioxidant enzymatic activity.

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Antioxidant and anti-tumor promoting activities of the methanol extract of heat-processed ginseng

Cited by 358 publications

References 21 publications

Antitumoral Effects of Melissa officinalis on Breast Cancer in Vitro and in Vivo

Antitumoral Effects of Melissa officinalis on Breast Cancer in Vitro and in Vivo

Protective Effect of Sun Ginseng against Diabetic Renal Damage

Korean red ginseng protects against neuronal damage induced by transient focal ischemia in rats

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