Antioxidant and Antitumor Activities of the Extracts from Chinese Yam (Dioscorea opposite Thunb.) Flesh and Peel and the Effective Compounds

Abstract

The aims of this study are to investigate the antioxidant and antitumor activities of the water and ethanol extracts isolated from Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposite Thunb.) flesh (CYF) and peel (CYP) and the effective compounds. It was found that all peel portions have a better effect on reactive oxygen (ROS) scavenging assay than meat portions, especially for the water extract of Chinese yam peel (CYP-W). Its IC50 values for hydroxyl radical (OH•) scavenging assay (744.25 ± 3.46 μg/mL) and for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay (374.85 ± 6.78 μg/mL) were both lower than that of yam flesh (CYF-W). Furthermore, the antitumor property of yam peel was more effective than that of yam flesh (CYF-W) on mouse models, with tumor inhibition rates were 47.92% and 27.41% for Ehrlich Ascites Tumor (EAC) model and 40.44% and 24.22% for H22 hepatocarcinoma tumor (H22) model. Meanwhile, extracts of peel showed higher allantoin, total flavonoids, and total phenolics contents than extracts of flesh. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that CYP-W exerted better antitumor activity than flesh extracts and the scavenging ROS effects were also significantly higher in the CYP-W in vitro. Moreover, the data indicated that allantoin may play an important role on antioxidative and antitumor capacity in yam peel.

Comparison of Antioxidant Constituents of Agriophyllum squarrosum Seed with Conventional Crop Seeds

“…Rutin ( 4 ), also known as vitamin P, has various beneficial biological activities, such as anti‐allergic, anti‐inflammatory, vasoactive, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, and antiprotozoal (Ganeshpurkar & Saluja, ). Allantoin has several functions, including wound healing (Araujo, Grabe‐Guimaraes, Mosqueira, Carneiro, & Silva‐Barcellos, ), antitumor (Liu et al., ), skin protection, peptic ulcer treatment, and support of cell growth (Yi et al., ). Thus, it is generally used in the fields of medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture.…”

“…0.1 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.0 5.8 ± 0.1 0.5 ± 0.0 0.6 ± 0.1 3.4 ± 0.5 401.9 ± 3.1 0. healing (Araujo, Grabe-Guimaraes, Mosqueira, Carneiro, & Silva-Barcellos, 2010), antitumor (Liu et al, 2016), skin protection, peptic ulcer treatment, and support of cell growth (Yi et al, 2013). Thus, it is generally used in the fields of medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture.…”

Effects of Rhizome Extract of <em>Dioscorea Batatas </em>and Its Active Compound, Allantoin, on the Regulation of Myoblast Differentiation and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in C2C12 Myotubes

“…However, it was reported batatasin IV, raspberry ketone, 2-methoxy-4′-hydroxyacetophenone, (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) heptane, β-sitosterol, blumenol A, dihydropinosylvin, stilbostemin N, butyl-β-D-fructofuranoside, allantoin, dioscin, and coreajaponins A(1) and B(2) in 50% EtOH extract of D. japonica [37], steroidal saponins such as protodioscin, dioscin, and gracilin in CH3CN extract of in D. tokoro (wild yam) [17], and batatasin I and 6,7-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy phenanthrene in MeOH extract of D. batatas aerial bulbil [38]. Allantoin was identified in the water extract of flesh and peel of D. opposite by HPLC-PAD [39]. In our analysis, it was found allantoin (0.36 mg/mL) in the water extract of D. batatas.…”

Integrated metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the regulation of Chinese yam on antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis in rats

“…In TCM theory, it has the effect of invigorating Spleen, nourishing Stomach and invigorating Lung and Kidney. Studies have shown that Chinese yam extract could prevent the damages of the liver and kidney [9], and allantoin (a major metabolic intermediate produced from uric acid) can help prevent skeletal muscle dysfunction by stimulating energy metabolism [10], as well as allantoin may play an important role on antioxidative and antitumor capacity in yam peel [11]. Diosgenin (extracted from the tubers of Dioscorea wild yam) has protective effects on fructose-induced renal damage by regulating SIRT3-mediated oxidative stress, renal fibrosis, lipid metabolism and inflammation [12].…”