Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Effects of Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng: (Gac) Aril Extract on Reproductive Damages in Streptozotocin (STZ)-Induced Hyperglycemia Mice

Abstract

SUMMARY:The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of Momordica cochinchinensis (Gag) aril (GA) aqueous extract on male reproductive system of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia (HG) mice. GA were extracted with distilled water (DW) and analyzed for in vitro antioxidant capacities. ICR male mice were divided into 7 groups: 1) control, 2) DW, 3) GA 1000 mg/kg BW, 4) HG, 5) HG + glibenclamide, 6 and 7) HG + GA 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW respectively (7 mice/ group). In HG groups, mice were induced by STZ at single dose (150 mg/kg BW). They were treated for consecutive 35 days. All groups were compared for blood glucose levels, weights and histopathologies of reproductive organs, sperm concentration including testicular tyrosine phosphorylation protein patterns by Immuno-Western blotting. The results showed that GA processed antioxidant activities and could significantly decrease blood glucose levels and increase sperm concentration in HG mice. Moreover, GA could change the density of a testicular 70 kDa protein in HG-GA groups. In conclusion, GA extract could improve hyperglycemia and male reproductive damages in STZ-induced HG mice.

Alterations of morphology and phosphorylated protein expression in the seminal vesicles of diabetic mice

“…Previous studies have reported that DM can cause histological alterations and significant reductions in seminal weight (Sampannang et al, 2017;Tsounapi et al, 2017), which is consistent with the results of this study. These changes have been found to inhibit the ability to produce or secrete seminal fluid (Tsounapi et al, 2017), a finding that is corroborated by the changes in seminal epithelial morphology and height shown in Figures 1-3.…”

“…Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational process of most cellular modifications including sperm physiological capacitation and acrosome exocytosis (Salicioni et al, 2007;Shivaji et al, 2007;Stival et al, 2016). Tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins are specifically localised within testicular tissue (Arad-Dann, Beller, Haimovitch, Gavrieli, & Ben-Sasson, 1993;Chaichun et al, 2017) and are assumed to play a role in spermatogenesis (Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, Sampannang, Maneenin, et al, 2016;Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, Sampannang, Uabundit, et al, 2016;Iamsaard et al, 2014;Sampannang et al, 2017Sampannang et al, , 2018 2013; Talat et al, 2016). Thus, monitoring for significant increases in OPN may help to predict microvascular diabetes complications (Talat et al, 2016).…”

“…Tyrosine protein phosphorylation is an important process in sperm capacitation and exocytosis of acrosome in natural fertilisation (Salicioni et al, 2007;Shivaji, Kumar, Mitra, & Jha, 2007;Stival et al., 2016). Since tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins are specifically present in Sertoli and late spermatic cells (Chaichun, Arun, Burawat, Kanla, & Iamsaard, 2017;Iamsaard et al, 2014), they are assumed to play important roles in spermatogenesis and androgen production (Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, Sampannang, Maneenin, et al, 2016;Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, Sampannang, Uabundit, et al, 2016;Iamsaard et al, 2014;Sampannang, Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, & Iamsaard, 2018;Sampannang et al, 2017;Sawatpanich et al, 2018). Moreover, the expression of phosphorylated proteins in the lysate of testis and epididymis have been shown to change under adverse conditions, including stresses and cancer drug treatments, and these changes are associated with increases in endogenous acrosome reaction and sperm abnormality (Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, Sampannang, Maneenin, et al, 2016;Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, Sampannang, Uabundit, et al, 2016;Iamsaard et al, 2014;Sampannang et al, 2018Sampannang et al, , 2017Sawatpanich et al, 2018).…”

Acute Effects of Mimosine Purified from Leucaena leucocephala on Male Reproductive System of Adult Mice

“…We hypothesize that mimosine may have a major function as anti-cell proliferation of male germ cells since previous reports have demonstrated in other system about theinhibitory activities of many cancer cells, cell divisions, cell proliferations and differentiations, herbicidal, insecticide, and nematicide activities (Tawada, 1990;Wang et al;Hughes & Cook;Krude;Chung et al;Park et al;Bottini-Luzardo et al;Fallon;Nguyen & Tawata). Similar to others, the testicular histopathology, such as atrophic and germ cell degenerating seminiferous tubules, damaged by mimosine in this study was also comparable to other anti-cellular division drug demonstrated previously (Iamsaard et al, 2014;Sukhorum et al, 2016;Iamsaard et al, 2017a,b;Sampannang et al, 2017). In conclusion, the acute consumption of LL containing high mimosine levels must be avoided to protect the reproductive impairment in men.…”

Valproic acid changes the expression of tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins in rat seminal vesicle

“…These proteins have also been found to be localised in Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids, which are assumed to be important for spermatogenesis and androgen synthesis (Chaichun, Arun, Burawat, Kanla, & Iamsaard, ). The presence of TyrPho proteins in rat epididymal tissue and fluid has also been investigated (Sawatpanich et al, ), and improvements in testicular TyrPho protein changes have been associated with normal sperm and testosterone production (Burawat, Uabundit, Arun, Nualkaew, & Iamsaard, ; Iamsaard et al, , ; Iamsaard, Sukhorum, Sampannang, et al, ; Maneenin et al, ; Sampannang et al, ). Changes in TyrPho protein expression in the testis have been associated with stress‐related and diabetic conditions (Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, Sampannang, Maneenin, et al, ; Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, Sampannang, Uabundit, et al, ; Sampannang, Arun, Burawat, Sukhorum, & Iamsaard, ; Sampannang et al, ).…”