Antioxidant and laxative effects of taurine-xylose, a synthetic taurine-carbohydrate derivative, in loperamide-induced constipation in Sprague-Dawley rats

Abstract

In this study, we examined the in vitro antioxidant activities and laxative effects of taurine-xylose (T-X), a synthetic taurine-carbohydrate derivative, in a rat model of constipation induced by loperamide.[Methods] The animals were divided into four treatment groups: normal untreated rats (NOR group), loperamide-treated control rats (CON group), loperamide and taurine-xylose (15 mg/kg)-treated rats (T-X group), and loperamide and commercial Dulcolax S (5.5 mg/ kg)-treated rats (DS group).[Results] In the present study, T-X exhibited potent reducing power and free radical scavenging activities for DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS+ (2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonic acid ammonium salt) radicals. The laxative effects of T-X were dependent on food, body weight, fecal properties, gastrointestinal transit (GIT) ratio, and serum metabolic parameters. In the T-X group, the number, wet weight, and water content of fecal pellets were noticeably increased compared to those in the loperamide-induced group. T-X treatment significantly increased the activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes, including those of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), relative to those in loperamide-induced constipated rats. Furthermore, the GIT ratio and loperamide-induced metabolic parameters in serum, including gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL), and somatostatin (SS) levels, were significantly improved by T-X treatment.[Conclusion] These results suggest that taurine-xylose exerts antioxidant activities and laxative effects on loperamide-induced constipation by promoting gastrointestinal motility.

Purgative/laxative actions of Globularia alypum aqueous extract on gastrointestinal‐physiological function and against loperamide‐induced constipation coupled to oxidative stress and inflammation in rats

“…58 In addition, taurine-xylose, a synthetic taurine-carbohydrate derivative, has also established a clear relationship between its antioxydant capacity and laxative effects in loperamide-induced constipation in Sprague Dawley rats. 59 Inversely, the treatment with GAAE or yohimbine reduced MDA, H 2 O 2 , OH -, and Ca 2+ levels and regenerated oxidant enzymes and -SH groups in a dose-dependent manner. In fact, the extract is rich in compounds 10 with antioxidant activity.…”

Beneficial Effects of Taurine on Metabolic Parameters in Animals and Humans

“…The effects of taurine on blood lipid profiles have been investigated in animal studies. 15 , 16 Taurine consumption (1% in diet) for 8 weeks significantly reduced serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels as well as the LDL-C to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio in male Sprague-Dawley rats, as illustrated in Fig. 3 .…”

“…3 . 15 Taurine administration in golden Syrian hamsters fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (1% or 2%) for 2 weeks significantly reduced plasma TC and TG levels. 16 Taurine decreased elevated blood lipid levels and hepatic damage caused by a high-fat diet in hamsters through upregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, LDL receptors, and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression together with down regulation of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.…”

“…5,6 Taurine is involved in a number of metabolic processes, including osmoregulation, membrane stabilization, modulation of cellular calcium level, and detoxification. 7,8 Taurine-transporter-deficient mice are characterized by impairment of various physiological functions, suggesting a crucial role for taurine in cellular homeostasis, as shown in Fig. 1.…”

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Relationship among mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs of Slow Transit Constipation

“…In this study, animals were randomized into two groups: the control group ( n = 5) and Lop group ( n = 5). Rats were given normal saline in the control group, while the Lop group were induced with 4 mg/kg loperamide (an antidiarrheal drug) suspension to make the STC models (oral administration, twice per day: 09:00 and 17:00) for 14 days [ 11 ].…”