Antioxidant and Signal‐Modulating Effects of Brown Seaweed‐Derived Compounds against Oxidative Stress‐Associated Pathology

Abstract

The biological and therapeutic properties of seaweeds have already been well known. Several studies showed that among the various natural marine sources of antioxidants, seaweeds have become a potential source of antioxidants because of their bioactive compounds. Most of the metabolic diseases are caused by oxidative stress. It is very well known that antioxidants have a pivotal role in the treatment of those diseases. Recent researches have revealed the potential activity of seaweeds as complementary medicine, which have therapeutic properties for health and disease management. Among the seaweeds, brown seaweeds (Phaeophyta) and their derived bioactive substances showed excellent antioxidant properties than other seaweeds. This review focuses on brown seaweeds and their derived major bioactive compounds such as sulfated polysaccharide, polyphenol, carotenoid, and sterol antioxidant effects and molecular mechanisms in the case of the oxidative stress-originated disease. Antioxidants have a potential role in the modification of stress-induced signaling pathways along with the activation of the oxidative defensive pathways. This review would help to provide the basis for further studies to researchers on the potential antioxidant role in the field of medical health care and future drug development.

Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Bioactive Compounds from Seaweeds: Promising Sources for Developing Novel Anticancer Drugs

“…In that study, the concentration of β-carotene ( A ) did not alter intracellular levels of ROS but rather downregulated the essential antioxidant enzymes that maintain redox homeostasis in cancer cells. This result confirms that β-carotene ( A ) can modify t the intracellular antioxidant status [ 40 ]. Therefore, the negative regulation of these enzymes was vital in the induction of apoptosis by the mitochondrial pathway.…”

“…However, under abnormal physiological conditions, endogenous antioxidants like glutathione or antioxidant defense enzymes (SOD: superoxide dismutase; CAT: catalase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase), although highly efficient, cannot protect the cell from the effects of ROS. Antioxidants play a vital role in cancer by counteracting the activity of ROS [ 40 ].…”

“…NF-κB is a protein complex that controls DNA transcription, and its activation generates cell survival, promoting cancer cell growth and inhibiting apoptosis [ 46 ]. In addition, the NF-κB pathway is also an oxidative response pathway [ 40 ]. Studies have shown that carotenoids can inhibit this pathway induced by oxidative stress by adding electrophilic groups to cysteine residues to IκB subunits [ 84 ].…”

Environmental factors influencing the growth and pathogenicity of microgreens bound for the market: a review

“…The consumption of microgreens can prevent or alleviate some health problems including inflammation of the immune system pathways, obesity (Castelão-Baptista et al ., 2021), cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancers and modulation of the gut microbiome (Machlin and Bendich, 1987). Other studies have reported that their abundance in vitamins C, E, K, carotenoids and polyphenols, has the potential to regulate cellular pathways, modulating inflammation (Choe et al ., 2018; Begum et al ., 2021; Sirajunnisa et al ., 2021), as well as the generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (Finley et al ., 2011).…”

Preliminary study on exploration of seaweed for an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter in poultry feed additives.

“…The autoclaved-dried aqueous extract had lower NBT value compared to shadow-dried and the control group. In a study it is proved that the seaweed is rich in antioxidant properties, thus it creates a protective barrier against the oxidative stress (Begum, R., et al, 2021) 13 . Therefore, in this research it can be concluded that seaweed contain some antioxidant properties due to which free-radicals were less in the treatment group.…”