Antioxidant, antibacterial activities and phenolic content of organic fractions obtained from Chamaerops humilis L. leaf and fruit

Abstract

The use of plant extracts are the subject of numerous studies because, in addition to their use as preservatives in foodstuffs by replacing synthetic antioxidants, they are involved in the treatment of many diseases. This study investigated the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Chamaerops humilis L. (Asteraceae) leaf and fruit, collected in north east of Algeria and their respective fractions, obtained using dichloromethane (DCMF), ethyl acetate (EAF), n-butanol (BF) and water (WF). The total phenolic and total flavonoids content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and the aluminum chloride (2%) reaction, respectively. Antioxidant activity was measured, using different antioxidant assays (DPPH, FRAP, BCB). The antibacterial activities of the fractions were tested on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella typhimurium. Two different methods were employed for the determination of antibacterial activities: disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs).A significant correlation existed between concentrations of the extract and antioxidant activity since the maximum antioxidative activities were exhibited by ethyl acetate fraction [IC50=0.12 mg/ml (DPPH assay)] which has the highest levels of phenolic compounds (214,8±3,26 mg GAE/g fractions).Concerning antibacterial activity , the lowest activity was founded on the (WF)from fruits against Salmonella typhimurium (MIC=70mg/ml)and the highest was found on the (EA) fraction from leaves against Enterococcus faecalis (MIC=0,25 mg/ml) . These findings demonstrate the remarkable potential of this plant as new source of antioxidant ingredient with interesting antibacterial capacities.

Ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Chamaerops humilis: A review

“…The ethanol extract showed interesting free radical scavenging effect for ABTS and DPPH assays (IC50 = 0.035±0.079 mg/mL, and IC50 = 0.035±0.061 mg/mL, respectively) while, using TBARS assay, the ethanol extract was IC50 = 2.163±0.120 mg/mL. In another study, numerous antiradical potential (DPPH, FRAP, and BCB) different extracts of C. humilis leaf, and fruit (Algeria) was studied by Belhaoues et al (2017). From this study, the authors reported that fruits and leaves of ethyl acetate extract has the highest antioxidant activity using DPPH assay with an IC50 value of 0.76 mg/ml, and 0.12 mg/mL, respectively.…”

“…These different classes of phytocompounds play a role in the pharmacological activities of C. humilis. Many researchers have reported a wide range of potential activities associated with C. humilis extracts and essential oils including antibacterial, anticholinesterase, antidiabetic, antilithiasic, anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antioxidant, antityrosinase, and antihyperlipidemic activities (Figure 1) (Beghalia et al, 2008;Bennaceur et al, 2010;Gaamoussi et al, 2010;Hasnaoui et al, 2013;Miguel et al, 2014;Belhaoues et al, 2017;Gonçalves et al, 2018;Aicha et al, 2019;Dawood et al, 2020;Attaallah et al, 2021;Lachkar et al, 2022;Rincón-Cervera et al, 2023). However, there are scarcely those reported the toxicity effect of this plant (Lachkar et al, 2022).…”