Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antibacterial Potentials and Chemical Composition of Salvia officinalis and Mentha suaveolens Grown Wild in Morocco

Abstract

This work evaluated in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties of Salvia officinalis (S. officinalis) and Mentha suaveolens (M. suaveolens) essential oils (EO). The EOs were extracted, and their chemical composition was determined using GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities of S. officinalis and M. suaveolens EO were shown to be remarkable. Furthermore, S. officinalis EO demonstrated better antioxidant findings (using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP test) than M. suaveolens EO ( p < 0.5 ). There were no significant differences in the inhibitory effects of the EOs on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities in the antidiabetic assays. All of the examined bacterial strains (10 different strains), with the exception of P. aeruginosa, demonstrated significant sensitivity to the tested EOs, with M. suaveolens EO exhibiting better activity than S. officinalis EO. Thus, the research indicated that EO from these two medicinal plants has considerable potential for application in the formulation of antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic pharmaceuticals. However, more research studies are required to interpret the pharmacologic action of the studied EOs and their principal constituents and to confirm their safety.

Phytochemical Discrimination, Biological Activity and Molecular Docking of Water-Soluble Inhibitors from Saussurea costus Herb against Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2

“…The disc diffusion assay was utilized to evaluate the extract’s initial antimicrobial activity against the selected microbial strains, including a Gram-positive bacterium ( Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA 1026) and a Gram-negative bacterium ( Escherichia coli ATCC 9637). The Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion susceptibility protocol was used with minor modifications [ 52 ]. Briefly, the aqueous crude extract was reconstituted in sterile distilled water to obtain a concentration of 100 mg/mL.…”

Mentha: Nutritional and Health Attributes to Treat Various Ailments Including Cardiovascular Diseases

“…In the 18th century, it was commonly used as a medicinal herb [ 71 , 72 ]. Various health benefits of Mentha species have been reported [ 50 , 64 ]. Mentha species have shown analgesic activity during in vivo experiments on mice [ 61 ].…”

“…Essential oils of M . suaveolens were found to be very active against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, indicating an inhibitory potential of IC 50 141.16 ± 0.2 and 94.30 ± 0.06 μg/mL, respectively [ 64 ]. Bayani et al [ 98 ] reported on the antidiabetic effect of aqueous extract prepared from M. spicata leaves.…”

Phytochemical Variability, In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Investigations, and In Silico Antibacterial Mechanisms of Mentha piperita Essential Oils Collected from Two Different Regions in Morocco

“…In this context, natural resources, in particular the molecules contained in medicinal plants, have shown important biological effects, including antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities [ 12 , 13 ]. Among the medicinal plants most used in traditional medicine in Morocco, we find Mentha Piperita ( M. piperita ), commonly known as peppermint.…”

“…This plant variety is extensively cultivated for preparing herbal teas and tinctures, or for the management of different conditions and disorders including bowel colic, hepatic disorders, gastritis, headaches, and jaundice [ 15 ]. It has shown several biological effects, such as antioxidant and antidiabetic activity [ 12 , 16 ], as well as insecticidal, antibacterial, antiviral, immunomodulatory, antitumor, neuroprotective, antiallergenic, antifatigue, and cytotoxic activities [ 14 , 17 ]. Peppermint as an essential oil for inhalation is effective in relieving symptoms such as vomiting, nausea, and anorexia in patients undergoing chemotherapy [ 18 ].…”