Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antidiabetic Activities of Crowberry Fruits

Abstract

Hyun et al.: Biological Activity of Crowberry FruitsAlthough crowberry is a relatively under-utilized wild berry, it holds considerable potential for application in the food and cosmetic industries due to its high phenolic content. In this study, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic activities of crowberry were investigated to shed light on its potential health benefits. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 1,1-dephenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging, reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity. The crude 70 % ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and butanol fraction of the fruit showed strong antioxidant activity. In addition, the ethyl acetate fraction showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria and significant inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities. These findings suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction of the crude 70 % ethanol extract could serve as a useful source of dietary supplements. Furthermore, the analysis of correlation between the phytochemical content and biological activity of crowberry suggested that phenolic compounds could be the major contributors to the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the fruit extract. Taken together, these results suggested that crowberry fruits could serve as potential antioxidant and antidiabetic supplements.

Carob Pulp: A Nutritional and Functional By-Product Worldwide Spread in the Formulation of Different Food Products and Beverages. A Review

“…Nowadays, there is great interest in the contents of natural antioxidants (e.g., phenolics, vitamins (mainly E and C), and carotenoids) present in plant-based foods from a human health perspective [27]. The antioxidant capacity (AC) of a plant extract such as carob product is of particular interest because of the beneficial physiological activity it has in human cells, helping to prevent the oxidative stress caused by free radicals and oxygen, and aiding the prevention of diseases such as inflammatory, cardiovascular, cancer, atherosclerosis, and aging-related disorders [147]. In addition, these natural antioxidants can replace the synthetic antioxidants used in foodstuffs, which can be harmful components due to their toxicity and carcinogenic effects [148].…”

Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Zanthoxylum armatum on Paracetamol-induced Liver Toxicity in Rats

“…Lupeol the compound isolated from this plant extract was previously reported to possess different pharmacological activities like antiinflammatory, antiprotozoal, antimicrobial. Qualitative analysis of Z. armatum extracts in this investigation revealed the presence of phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids and glycosides, which were reported to exert a variety of biological activities [44][45][46][47][48] . Attempts to isolated pure components from the ZAME resulted in the isolation of lupeol, which was biologically active [49] .…”

Review of traditionally consumed antidiabetic fruits in the diet

“…Crowberry (Empetrum nigrum L.) has been traditionally used due to its rich anthocyanins content, together with proanthocyanins and flavonoids (Hyun and Kim 2018). Ethyl-acetate fraction of the fruit extract exhibited significant inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities with an IC 50 of 0.5 and 100 μg/ml respectively.…”

“…For instance Sarcopoterium spinosum, Japanese apricot, Ficus deltoidea, Passiflora ligularis, Persea Americana, Rosa canina, Vaccinium myrtillus, Terminalia catappa L., Myristica fragrans, Pimenta dioica, Momordica charantia, Sarcopoterium spinosum, Mango, Pyracantha fortuneana, Chrysophyllum cainito L., Pometia pinnata, Malus communis L., Empetrum nigrum L., Momordica charantia, Zizyphus lotus, Xylopia aethiopica, Morinda Citrifolia L., Malus communis L., Coriandrum sativum L., Juglans regia L., Sorbus umbellate, Fritsch var. Cretica, Schneider and encapsulated Citrus limon Osbeck were reported for their inhibitory activity on α-amylase and αglucosidase enzymes (Smirin et al, 2010;Park et al, 2012;Misbah et al, 2013;Saravanan and Parimelazhagan, 2014;Oboh et al, 2014;Asghari et al, 2015;Guder et al, 2015;Adefegha et al, 2016;Loizzo et al, 2016;Khatib et al, 2017;Elyasiyan et al, 2017;Sekar et al, 2017;Putri et al, 2017;Wei et al, 2017;Doan et al, 2018;Sukiman et al, 2018;Yegin et al, 2018;Hyun and Kim 2018;Hwang, 2018;Yegin et al, 2018;Deniz et al, 2018;Raimov and Fakir., 2018;Incegul et al, 2018;Marmouzi et al, 2019;Mohammed et al, 2019;Simomara et al, 2019). Juniperus communis, Eugenia jambolana, Foeniculum vulgare, Secale cereale L., Carum carvi and Capparis spinosa L., Rosa canina L., Rhus coriaria L., Phaleria macrocarpa, Persea americana Mil., Pithecellobium dulcee Benth, Carum carvi, Vacciniummyrtillus, Backhousia citriodora oil, Vanilla planifolia Andrews were analyzed for their antidiabetic effects using STZ or alloxan induced rats (Medina et al, 1993;Kelkar and Kaklij (1997);Ozbek, 2002;Ozbek et al, 2002;Eddouks et al, 2004;Orhan et al, 2009;…”