Antioxidant Effects of Curcumin Gel in Experimental Induced Diabetes and Periodontitis in Rats

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin gel on antioxidant marker level in experimental induced diabetes and periodontitis (EDP) in rats. Adult Wistar rats were randomized into five groups (20 each): (1) EDP treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) + curcumin gel (CU), (2) EDP treated with CU, (3) EDP treated with SRP, (4) EDP without treatment, and (5) systemically healthy and without ligature (control). Each group was subdivided equally into 4 subgroups of 5 rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), and periodontitis was induced by a ligature. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days to assess oxidative stress of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and suproxidase dismutase (SOD) levels. The results showed a significant increase in serum MDA and antioxidant enzyme levels in the untreated EDP group compared to the control group ( p < 0.05 ). The adjuvant use of CU to SRP resulted in a significant reduction of MDA and CAT levels as compared to the SRP group ( p < 0.05 ); however, significant reduction of GPX and SOD levels can be found only at day 7. It can be concluded that the decreased level of antioxidant enzymes can be construed as a result of decreased oxidative stress by curcumin therapy.

Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy of Curcumin: Advances in Delivery Systems and Clinical Applications

“…It has been investigated for the treatment of minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and oral leukoplakia and as an adjunct in endodontic therapy, gingivitis treatment, and oral wound healing. Additionally, curcumin gel shows potential as an adjunctive therapy in periodontal treatment [ 92 , 93 , 94 , 96 , 97 , 99 , 104 , 116 , 117 , 118 ], reducing bone and root resorption during orthodontic treatment and enhancing the efficacy of scaling and root planing (SRP) in treating chronic periodontitis.…”

“…Enhancing outcomes of periodontal therapy, anti-inflammatory properties [89] Adjunctive use of curcumin gel with SRP Improved outcomes in chronic periodontitis, potential complementary treatment [90] Adjunctive use of curcumin oral gel Effective improvement in periodontal pocket parameters [34] 2% curcumin gel Effective treatment of experimental periodontitis [91] Comparison of chlorhexidine gel and curcumin gel Both gels as adjuncts to scaling and root planing, curcumin as an alternative [93] Curcumin gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing Limited additional benefits in reducing gingival inflammation [95] Curcumin gel and noneugenol periodontal dressing for post-surgery treatment Effectiveness in reducing tissue edema and promoting wound healing [96] Curcumin gel injection with scaling and root planing Reduction of clinical parameters and inflammatory mediators [97] Scaling and root planing combined with curcumin Comparable results to tetracycline in reducing inflammation and bone resorption [98] Curcumin gel as an adjunct to SRP in diabetes-induced periodontitis Reducing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant enzyme levels [99] In situ gel formulation of curcumin Effective treatment of periodontal pockets [35] Curcumin + carbopol gel + LED curing light Alternative to conventional photodynamic therapy for root canal disinfection [32] Split-mouth design study with curcumin gel Potential adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy [94] Evaluation of curcumin's antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis Effective antibacterial action at low concentrations [92] Curcumin gel in experimental periodontitis using Wistar rats Effective in treating experimental periodontitis and preventing bone destruction [116] Clinical trial evaluating subgingival delivery of curcumin gel as an adjunct to SRP Effective anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, alternative to chlorhexidine [117] Clinical trial comparing scaling and root planing alone, curcumin application, and curcumin photodynamic therapy Curcumin photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing improves treatment outcomes [118] Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) Management…”

“…Moreover, in experimental periodontitis, Mohammad et al demonstrated that curcumin gel effectively reduced inflammation, bone resorption, and osteoclast numbers, indicating its potential osteogenesis and healing effects [ 98 ]. In a study by Mohammad et al, the antioxidant effects of curcumin gel in diabetes-induced periodontitis were evaluated, revealing a significant reduction in oxidative stress and increased antioxidant enzyme levels [ 99 ].…”

Evaluation of Immunohistochemical Biomarkers in Diabetic Wistar Rats with Periodontal Disease

“…In diabetes associated with periodontitis, a modified form of Cu seems to have anti-inflammatory effects and improvement of diabetic osteoporosis, even in maintained hyperglycemic conditions [24]. Administered locally curcumin showed a reduction of the oxidative stress biomarker, malondialdehyde, and antioxidant enzymes amending periodontitis in diabetic rats [25]. Periodontal pathogenic microorganisms were inhibited by topically applied Cu.…”

Preparation and evaluation of the anti-cancer properties of RGD-modified curcumin-loaded chitosan/perfluorohexane nanocapsules in vitro

“…Curcumin (Cur) is a polyphenol that can be isolated from samples of turmeric root [ 1 ]. Prior research has demonstrated that Cur possesses a range of anti-tumor [ 2 , 3 ], anti-cancer [ 4 , 5 ], anti-inflammatory [ 6 ], antioxidant [ 7 ], and anti-ischemic [ 8 ] pharmacological properties. In the context of tumor treatment, Cur has been shown to be capable of inducing apoptotic tumor cell death inhibiting the proliferative and invasive activity of these cells [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”