Antioxidant Effects of Gamma-oryzanol on Human Prostate Cancer Cells

Abstract

Background: To assess the antioxidant effects of gamma-oryzanol on human prostate cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxic activity of gamma-oryzanol on human DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells was determined by proliferation assay using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol, 2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reagent. mRNA levels of genes involved in the intracellular antioxidant system, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GSR) were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cancer cell lysates were used to measure lipid peroxidation using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Glutathione contents of the cell lysates were estimated by the reaction between sulfhydryl group of 5, 5'-dithio (bis) nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) to produce a yellowcolor of 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid using colorimetric assay. Catalase activity was also analysed by examining peroxidative function. Protein concentration was estimated by Bradford's assay. Results: All concentrations of gamma-oryzanol, 0.1-2.0mg/ml, significantly inhibited cell growth in a dose-and time-dependent fashion in both prostate cancer cell lines, DU145 and PC3. Gene expression of catalase in DU145 and PC3 exposed to gamma-orizanol at 0.5mg/ml for 14 days was down regulated, while mRNA of GPX was also down regulated in PC3. The MDA and glutathione levels including catalase activity in the cell lysates of DU145 and PC3 treated with gamma-oryzanol 0.1 and 0.5mg/ml were generally decreased. Conclusions: This study highlighted effects of gamma-oryzanol via the down-regulation of antioxidant genes, catalase and GPX, not cytotoxic roles. This might be interesting for adjuvant chemotherapy to make prostate cancer cells more sensitive to free radicals. It might be useful for the reduction of cytotoxic agents and cancer chemoprevention.

Anti-invasive Activity against Cancer Cells of Phytochemicals in Red Jasmine Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

“…Gamma oryzanol is a mixture of phytosteryl ferulates found in rice bran. It is particularly important to note that γ-oryzanol exhibits antioxidant, anti-carcinogenesis and anti-inflammatory properties (Henderson et al, 2012;Klongpityapong et al, 2013). Here, we report for the first time that γ-oryzanol reduced MDA-MB-231 cell invasion, which corresponded with the finding that Hex and DCM fractions reduced cancer cell invasion.…”

Antioxidant Effect of Berberine and its Phenolic Derivatives Against Human Fibrosarcoma Cells

“…Compounds B2-B4 with a good scavenging activity were further investigated with human fibrosarcoma cells due to the relationship between antioxidant activity and chemoprevention previously reported (Tangjitjaroenkun et al, 2012;Klongpityapong et al, 2013). For cytotoxicity assay, IC 50 values at 1-and 4-day treatments cannot be DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.13.5371 Antioxidant Effects of Berberine and Phenolic Derivatives Against Human Fibrosarcoma Cells calculated because the survival cells were higher than 50%.…”

“…were electrophoretically analyzed on a 2% agarose gel, stained by 2% ethidium bromide, and photographed (Klongpityapong et al, 2013; …”

A bioaccessible fraction of parboiled germinated brown rice exhibits a higher anti-inflammatory activity than that of brown rice

“…Germination is a strategy for improving cereal quality. Several studies have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of GABA, 50,51 γ-oryzanol, [52][53][54] γ-tocotrienol, 55,56 and ferulic acid 57,58 and their concentrations are elevated in germinated brown rice. Thus, the present study measured GABA, γ-tocotrienol, γ-oryzanol, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid by HPLC and confirmed that the quantities of such compounds in cooked parboiled germinated brown rice (PGBR) was significantly greater than that in cooked brown rice (BR).…”