Antioxidant, phytochemical, and therapeutic properties of medicinal plants: a review

Nwozo, Onyenibe Sarah; Effiong, Enor Magdalene; Aja, P. M.; Awuchi, Chinaza Godswill

doi:10.1080/10942912.2022.2157425

Cited by 97 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Diet rich in fruits and vegetables appears to reduce oxidative stress as they are rich in bioactive phytochemicals. Phytochemicals can be literally referred to as ‘plant-chemicals.’ They are the non-nutritive chemical components of plants that possess numerous health benefits and disease prevention properties ( Freese et al, 2002 ; Dragsted et al, 2004 ; Nwozo et al, 2023 ). Oral supplementation with non-enzymatic antioxidants such as GSH has not been successful due to the poor bioavailability of GSH ( Allen and Bradley, 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the duration of a few weeks might not be sufficient to reach statistical significance. A systematic review also concludes that a longer-term intervention is needed to determine whether a diet-based intervention can help reduce oxidative stress ( Nwozo et al, 2023 ). Secondly, the number of participants in each study may not have been large enough to achieve statistically significant power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a lifestyle intervention on the biomarkers of oxidative stress in non-communicable diseases: A systematic review

et al. 2023

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Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Therefore, improvement of oxidative stress status through lifestyle intervention can play a vital role in preventing and treating chronic diseases. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of articles published in the last decade examining the association between lifestyle intervention and oxidative stress biomarkers in the context of non-communicable diseases. The electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. This systematic review focused on the four important oxidative stress biomarkers; glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and malondialdehyde. 671 articles were identified, of which nine met the inclusion criteria. A trend emerged, showing that lifestyle modifications that focus on diet and physical health can improve oxidative stress in the form of an increase in superoxide dismutase and CAT levels and a decrease in Malondialdehyde levels in participants with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), GSH levels were not affected. However, the results are difficult to compare because of the heterogeneity of the methods of the biomarkers studied. Our review indicates that oxidative stress can be influenced by lifestyle modifications and may be an effective tool for the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases. This review also elucidated the importance of analyzing multiple oxidative stress biomarkers to evaluate oxidative stress, it further highlights the need to conduct long-term lifestyle intervention studies on oxidative stress biomarkers to understand the connection between oxidative stress biomarkers, NCDs and Lifestyle intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a lifestyle intervention on the biomarkers of oxidative stress in non-communicable diseases: A systematic review

et al. 2023

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“…In fact, the first stage in creating new chemotherapeutic medications from plants, which are a substantial source of potentially beneficial compounds, is to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity. Many researchers have examined plants’ antibacterial and antifungal properties [ 41 , 42 ]. Some of these discoveries have aided in identifying the underlying reason for specific behaviors, leading to the development of drugs that may be used to treat them and enhance people’s well-being.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Chemical, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Fagonia indica Grown in the Hail Mountains, Saudi Arabia

Sulieman

Alanaizy

et al. 2023

Plants

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The Aja and Salma mountains in the Hail region are home to a variety of indigenous wild plants, some of which are used in Bedouin folk medicine to treat various ailments. The purpose of the current study was to unveil the chemical, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Fagonia indica (Showeka) grown widely in these mountains, as data on the biological activities of this plant in this remote area are scarce. XRF spectrometry indicated the presence of some essential elements, which were in the order of Ca > S > K > AL > CL > Si > P > Fe > Mg > Na > Ti > Sr > Zn > Mn. Qualitative chemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, tannins, phenols and cardiac glycosides in the methanolic extract (80% v/v). GC–MS showed the presence of 2-chloropropanoic acid 18.5%, tetrahydro-2-methylfuran 20.1%, tridecanoic acid 12-methyl-, methyl ester 2.2%, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester 8.6%, methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate 13.4%, methyl linoleate 7.0%, petroselinic acid methyl ester 15%, erucylamide 6.7% and diosgenin 8.5%. Total phenols, total tannins, flavonoids, DPPH, reducing power, -carotene and ABTS IC50 (mg/mL) scavenging activity were used to measure the antioxidant capabilities of Fagonia indica, which exhibited prominent antioxidant properties at low concentrations when compared to ascorbic acid, butylate hydroxytoluene and beta-carotene. The antibacterial investigation revealed significant inhibitory effects against Bacillus subtilis MTCC121 and Pseudomona aeruginosa MTCC 741 with inhibition zones of 15.00 ± 1.5 and 12.0 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) ranged between 125 to 500 μg/mL. The MBC/MIC ratio indicated possible bactericidal efficacy against Bacillus subtilis and bacteriostatic activity against Pseudomona aeruginosa. The study also showed that this plant has anti-biofilm formation activity.

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“…Antioxidants having free radical-scavenging capabilities, flavonoid, and phenolic substances have the capacity to alter the physiological antioxidant status (Basharat et al, 2023;Messaoudi et al, 2022). The capacity to act as antioxidants, defend the organism against reactive oxygen species, and possibly supplant endogenous antioxidants is their most crucial characteristics (Nwozo et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and anethole ameliorate lipid abnormalities, oxidative injury, hypercholesterolemia, heart, and liver conditions

Noreen

Rehman

Tufail

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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Fennel seeds and flaxseed have been traditionally used against many medical ailments due to their medicinal characteristics. The aim of the study was to investigate the health properties of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and anethole from flaxseed and fennel seeds in rats fed with high‐fat diet. Histopathological changes in the heart and liver were also examined. Sixty rats were divided into two main groups. Group I (10 rats) was used as a negative control group and fed on the basal diet only. Group II (50 rats) was fed a hypercholesterolemic diet but not given any drugs during the trial for 2 weeks. This group was further divided into five subgroups (10 rats each). One of them was fed on the basal diet and used as a positive control group. However, the other four subgroups were fed on basal diets and anethole (20 mg/kg/day, orally), SDG (20 mg/kg/day, orally), a mixture of anethole + SDG (10 + 10 mg/kg/day, orally), and atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day, orally) for 6 weeks. Compared to control, treatment with a combination of anethole + SDG showed a significant (p ≤ .05) improvement in serum levels of triglyceride (TG) (137.88 ± 1.61 mg/dL), total cholesterol‐(TC) (180.12 ± 8.99 mg/dL), LDL‐C (46.40 ± 6.67 mg/dL), VLDL‐C (11.81 ± 1.07 mg/dL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (75.97 ± 6.92 U/L), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (34.83 ± 2.17 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (130.65 ± 1.05 U/L), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (30.12 ± 1.89 mmol/g), and improved activities of catalase (70.99 ± 3.29 U/g) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (35.13 ± 2.53 U/dL) enzymes while SDG and anethole group had relatively less impact. Atorvastatin also improved serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL‐C, and VLDL‐C significantly and rose serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels considerably meanwhile it had a minor but negative impact on AST, ALT, and ALP, and negligible impact on activities of MDA, CAT, and SOD enzymes compared to the positive control group. The study revealed that combining anethole and SDG may improve dyslipidemia, improve lipid profile, decrease risks of chronic heart diseases, increase HDL‐C, and enhance antioxidant enzymes' activities.

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Antioxidant, phytochemical, and therapeutic properties of medicinal plants: a review

Cited by 97 publications

References 130 publications

Effects of a lifestyle intervention on the biomarkers of oxidative stress in non-communicable diseases: A systematic review

Effects of a lifestyle intervention on the biomarkers of oxidative stress in non-communicable diseases: A systematic review

Unveiling Chemical, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Fagonia indica Grown in the Hail Mountains, Saudi Arabia

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and anethole ameliorate lipid abnormalities, oxidative injury, hypercholesterolemia, heart, and liver conditions

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