Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration

Evans, Jennifer R; Lawrenson, John G

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000254.pub3

Cited by 108 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The panel also notes that supplement use is not recommended for most survivors, except in instances of documented deficiencies (eg, survivors of gastric cancer), inadequate diet, or comorbid indications (eg, osteoporosis, 50 ophthalmologic disorders, 51 cirrhosis 52,53 ). Survivors should be advised that taking vitamin supplements does not replace the need for adhering to a healthy diet.…”

Section: Supplement Use In Survivorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survivorship: Nutrition and Weight Management, Version 2.2014

Denlinger¹,

Ligibel²,

Are³

et al. 2014

J Natl Compr Canc Netw

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Healthy lifestyle habits have been associated with improved health outcomes and quality of life and, for some cancers, a reduced risk of recurrence and death. The NCCN Guidelines for Survivorship therefore recommend that cancer survivors be encouraged to achieve and maintain a healthy lifestyle, including attention to weight management, physical activity, and dietary habits. This section of the NCCN Guidelines focuses on recommendations regarding nutrition, weight management, and supplement use in survivors. Weight management recommendations are based on the survivor’s body mass index and include discussions of nutritional, weight management, and physical activity principles, with referral to community resources, dietitians, and/or weight management programs as needed.

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Section: Supplement Use In Survivorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survivorship: Nutrition and Weight Management, Version 2.2014

Denlinger¹,

Ligibel²,

Are³

et al. 2014

J Natl Compr Canc Netw

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“…It has been shown that people with drusen who take antioxidant supplementation are less likely to lose 15 or more letters of visual acuity over the follow-up (AREDS 2001), even though this benefit was considered modest in people with moderate to severe signs of the disease (Evans 2012). Antioxidants have not been shown beneficial in the primary prevention of AMD (Chong 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser treatment of drusen to prevent progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration

Virgili

Michelessi

Parodi

et al. 2015

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background Drusen are amorphous yellowish deposits beneath the sensory retina. People with drusen, particularly large drusen, are at higher risk of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The most common complication in AMD is choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), the growth of new blood vessels in the centre of the macula. The risk of CNV is higher among people who are already affected by CNV in one eye. It has been observed clinically that laser photocoagulation of drusen leads to their disappearance and may prevent the occurrence of advanced disease (CNV or geographic atrophy) associated with visual loss. Objectives To examine the effectiveness and adverse effects of laser photocoagulation of drusen in AMD. Search methods We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register) (2015, Issue 7), Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily, Ovid OLDMEDLINE (January 1946 to August 2015), EMBASE (January 1980 to August 2015), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature Database (LILACS) (January 1982 to August 2015), the ISRCTN registry (www.isrctn.com/editAdvancedSearch), ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov) and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en). We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. We last searched the electronic databases on 3 August 2015. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of laser treatment of drusen in AMD in which laser treatment had been compared with no intervention or sham treatment. Two types of trials were included. Some trials studied one eye of each participant (unilateral studies); other studies recruited participants with bilateral drusen and randomised one eye to photocoagulation or control and the fellow eye to the other group. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently selected studies and extracted data. We pooled data from unilateral and bilateral studies using a random-effects model. For the bilateral studies, we estimated the within-person correlation coefficient from one study and assumed it was valid for the others. Main results The update of this review found two additional studies, totaling 11 studies that randomised 2159 participants (3580 eyes) and followed them up to two years, of which six studies (1454 participants) included people with one eye randomised to treatment and one to control. Studies were conducted in Australia, Europe and North America. Overall, the risk of bias in the included studies was low, particularly for the larger studies and for the primary outcome development of CNV. Photocoagulation did not reduce the development of CNV at two years’ follow-up (odds ratio (OR) 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79 to 1.46, 11 studies, 2159 participants (3580 eyes), high quality evidence). This estimate means that, given an overall occurrence of CNV of 8.3% in the control group, we est...

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“…A Cochrane meta-analysis performed on four large, high-quality-randomized clinical trials involving a total of 65,250 participants, without signs of AMD at baseline showed no efect of antioxidant therapy for preventing the onset of retinal degeneration per se [59]. Another Cochrane review meta-analysis [60] involving data from 13 randomized clinical trials, including two large trials, the AREDS1/2 and the Vitamin E Intervention in Cataract and Age-Related Maculopathy study, and 11 smaller (20-400 participants) randomized trials were performed to decide whether antioxidants can slow progression of retinal damage in patients with established AMD. The AREDS1/2 shows that long-term, high-dose supplementation with vitamin E (400 IU), vitamin C (500 mg), beta-carotene (15 mg), zinc (80 mg), and copper (2 mg) reduced the risk of progression to geographic atrophy AMD by 8% in only a subgroup of patients with intermediate AMD at baseline.…”

Section: Phototoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipofuscin Accumulation into and Clearance from Retinal Pigment Epithelium Lysosomes: Physiopathology and Emerging Therapeutics

Nociari¹,

Kiss²,

Rodríguez-Boulan³

2017

Lysosomes - Associated Diseases and Methods to Study Their Function

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Photoreceptors undergo a constant renewal of their light sensitive outer segments (POSs). In the renewal process, 10% of the POS mass is daily phagocytized by the adjacent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). POS contain vast amounts of 11-cis retinal and alltrans-retinal, two highly reactive vitamin A aldehydes that spontaneously dimerize into lipid bisretinoids (LBs) and accumulate into RPE lysosomes during phagocytosis. As LBs are refractory to lysosomal hydrolases and RPE cells do not divide, this accumulation is irreversible and results in the formation of lipofuscin granules. Lipofuscin accumulation is toxic for RPE cells through a variety of light-dependent and light-independent mechanisms. Beyond a threshold, RPE cells die resulting in secondary loss of overlying photoreceptors. Currently, there are no efective treatments for retinal disorders associated with genetic or age-associated LB accumulation, such as Stargardt disease and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Thus, there is a great need for medical interventions. Here, we discuss the current understanding of lipofuscin's pathogenicity and the status of diferent strategies under development to promote LB elimination from RPE lysosomes.Keywords: lipofuscin, Stargardt, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), bisretinoids, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), cyclodextrins, cellular clearance, TFEB, lysosome IntroductionTo understand the origin and consequences of the lysosomal accumulation of lipofuscin in the eye, a basic knowledge of retinal function and organization is required.© 2017 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in vertebrate's eyesLight entering the eye gets refracted by the cornea and lens on the neural retina, where photoreceptors (PR) convert photons into a cascade of chemical and electrical events that propagate to second-order (horizontal, bipolar, and amacrine cells) and third-order (ganglion cells) retinal neurons, which distribute this information to various visual centers of the brain through the ibers of the optic nerve. The bodies of PR cells, rods and cones, display three sectors (Figure 1): the outer segment, illed with stacks of disks densely packed with light-sensitive photopigment; the inner segment, illed with genetic, biosynthetic, and metabolic organelles Lysosomes -Associated Diseases and Methods to Study Their Function 4(nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, ribosomes, mitochondria); and the synaptic terminal that connects with bipolar neurons of the retina. In vertebrates, the retina is inverted in the sense that light passes through secondary and tertiary neuronal layers in the inner retina before reaching the rods and cones in the outer retina (Figure 1). Photoreceptors are metabolically very active cells that req...

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Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration

Abstract: Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration.

Cited by 108 publications

References 70 publications

Survivorship: Nutrition and Weight Management, Version 2.2014

Survivorship: Nutrition and Weight Management, Version 2.2014

Laser treatment of drusen to prevent progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration

Lipofuscin Accumulation into and Clearance from Retinal Pigment Epithelium Lysosomes: Physiopathology and Emerging Therapeutics

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