Antioxidants and cardiovascular diseases

Mandal, Ankita; Hossain, Uday; Sil, Parames C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819096-8.00072-0

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 147 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As mentioned above, atherosclerosis is characterized by the thickening and hardening of the arteries and chronic inflammation during all phases of the disease (Libby et al 2002 ). Vitamin E has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties (Devaraj et al 1996 ; Mandal et al 2022 ) Monocytes are circulating leukocytes important in inflammation, tissue remodeling, and the immune system. Vitamin E has been reported to decrease monocyte recruitment as a result of suppressed formation of foam cells and reduce expression of scavenger receptors (SRs) on macrophages (Zapolska-Downar et al 2000 ).…”

Section: Oxidative Stress Diseases Aging and Antioxidant Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging

Jomova,

Raptova,

Alomar

et al. 2023

Arch Toxicol

488

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A physiological level of oxygen/nitrogen free radicals and non-radical reactive species (collectively known as ROS/RNS) is termed oxidative eustress or “good stress” and is characterized by low to mild levels of oxidants involved in the regulation of various biochemical transformations such as carboxylation, hydroxylation, peroxidation, or modulation of signal transduction pathways such as Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, phosphoinositide-3-kinase, nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) and other processes. Increased levels of ROS/RNS, generated from both endogenous (mitochondria, NADPH oxidases) and/or exogenous sources (radiation, certain drugs, foods, cigarette smoking, pollution) result in a harmful condition termed oxidative stress (“bad stress”). Although it is widely accepted, that many chronic diseases are multifactorial in origin, they share oxidative stress as a common denominator. Here we review the importance of oxidative stress and the mechanisms through which oxidative stress contributes to the pathological states of an organism. Attention is focused on the chemistry of ROS and RNS (e.g. superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, peroxyl radicals, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite), and their role in oxidative damage of DNA, proteins, and membrane lipids. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of oxidative stress biomarkers is also discussed. Oxidative stress contributes to the pathology of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurological disorders (Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, Down syndrome), psychiatric diseases (depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder), renal disease, lung disease (chronic pulmonary obstruction, lung cancer), and aging. The concerted action of antioxidants to ameliorate the harmful effect of oxidative stress is achieved by antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutases-SODs, catalase, glutathione peroxidase-GPx), and small molecular weight antioxidants (vitamins C and E, flavonoids, carotenoids, melatonin, ergothioneine, and others). Perhaps one of the most effective low molecular weight antioxidants is vitamin E, the first line of defense against the peroxidation of lipids. A promising approach appears to be the use of certain antioxidants (e.g. flavonoids), showing weak prooxidant properties that may boost cellular antioxidant systems and thus act as preventive anticancer agents. Redox metal-based enzyme mimetic compounds as potential pharmaceutical interventions and sirtuins as promising therapeutic targets for age-related diseases and anti-aging strategies are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Oxidative Stress Diseases Aging and Antioxidant Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging

Jomova,

Raptova,

Alomar

et al. 2023

Arch Toxicol

488

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to cell-produced antioxidant enzymes and low-molecular-weight antioxidants such as Cys or glutathione (GSH), valuable components of the human diet are plant antioxidants derived from a large group of secondary metabolites that may be helpful in the treatment of diseases associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Numerous studies have shown that low-molecular-weight antioxidants may play an important role in the prevention and treatment of many human diseases, including those resulting from a highly processed diet, the presence of environmental pollutants, and inappropriate lifestyle choices [160,161]. Therefore, the various effects of food isolates, including those from quince, may play a cocktail role in therapies whose common features are oxidative stress and inflammation.…”

Section: Antioxidant Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quinces (Cydonia oblonga, Chaenomeles sp., and Pseudocydonia sinensis) as Medicinal Fruits of the Rosaceae Family: Current State of Knowledge on Properties and Use

Kostecka-Gugała

2024

Antioxidants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, the evaluation of many plant-derived compounds as potential new drugs or functional foods has become an active research topic. The morphological characteristics of quinces of the genera Cydonia sp., Chaenomeles sp., and Pseuocydonia sp. are largely similar, which is why these fruits are often confused. Although they have been appreciated in Asia for centuries as a valuable component of local ethnomedicine, they are less known in Western countries, and scientific knowledge about their health benefits remains fragmentary. This literature review summarizes studies on the content of chemical compounds responsible for the health-promoting and functional properties of the quince fruit. It focuses on the content of carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, and carboxylic acids, although the main emphasis is on the content and diversity of bioactive polyphenols, which are extremely abundant in these fruits. The quince fruits are rich in antioxidants and compounds with proven anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiallergic, and immunomodulatory effects. Their phytochemicals effectively regulate glycemia and improve the blood lipid profile, suggesting potential antidiabetic and cardioprotective benefits. Analysis of chemical characteristics showed that the Chaenomeles fruits. are underestimated as functional food ingredients. Studies on the molecular effects of their bioactive compounds and species-specific genomic analyses are sorely lacking in the scientific literature.

show abstract

“…In addition to cell-produced antioxidant enzymes and lowmolecular weight antioxidants such as Cys or glutathione (GSH), valuable components of the human diet are plant antioxidants derived from a large group of secondary metabolites that may be helpful in the treatment of diseases associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Numerous studies have shown that low-molecular weight antioxidants may play an important role in the prevention and treatment of many human diseases, including those resulting from a highly processed diet, the presence of environmental pollutants, and inappropriate lifestyle choices [114,115]. Therefore, the various effects of food isolates, including those from quince, may play a cocktail role in therapies whose common feature is oxidative stress and inflammation.…”

Section: Antioxidant Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quinces (Cydonia, Chaenomeles and Pseudocidonia) as Less Distinguishable Medicinal Fruits of the Rosaceae Family. Current State of Knowledge on Properties and Use

Kostecka-Gugała

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, the evaluation of many plant-derived compounds as potential new drugs or functional foods has become an active research topic. The characteristics of quinces of the genera Cydonia, Chaenomeles and Pseuocydonia are largely similar, which is why these fruits are often confused. Although they have been appreciated in Asia for centuries as a valuable component of local ethnomedicine, they are less known in Western countries and scientific knowledge about their health benefits remains fragmentary. This literature review presents the bioactive compounds of these fruits with special emphasis on antioxidants. Most space has been devoted to the presentation of the biological activities and potential medical applications of the fruits due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective and antidiabetic effects.

show abstract

Antioxidants and cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 147 publications

Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging

Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging

Quinces (Cydonia oblonga, Chaenomeles sp., and Pseudocydonia sinensis) as Medicinal Fruits of the Rosaceae Family: Current State of Knowledge on Properties and Use

Quinces (Cydonia, Chaenomeles and Pseudocidonia) as Less Distinguishable Medicinal Fruits of the Rosaceae Family. Current State of Knowledge on Properties and Use

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About