Antioxidants at Newborns

Matyas, Melinda; Zaharie, Gabriela

doi:10.5772/intechopen.85175

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, the upregulation of HO-1 will also cause Fe deposition in the brain, which worsens and accelerates disease progression by enhancing the redox imbalance in ongoing AD lesions [49,[124][125][126] . It should be recalled that the brain possesses very low antioxidant capacity compared to other organs, being much lower in neonatal life [127,128] and in the elderly [129,130] . Thus, the enhanced pro-oxidant milieu due to HO-1 hyperactivation leads to an increased oxidative and nitrosative post-translational modification of cellular enzymes, with their consequent inactivation [131] .…”

Section: Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilirubin and inflammation in neurodegenerative and other neurological diseases

Jayanti¹,

Moretti²,

Tiribelli³

et al. 2020

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Inflammation links neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric and other neurological diseases (NDs) with acute brain events. It is responsible for the alteration of neurotransmission and circuity, brain architecture, and cell fate, affecting mood and personality (anxiety, depression and schizophrenia) and behavior (decline in cognitive, motor and speech abilities, altered sleep, fatigue, pain sensitivity and dementia). Inflammation is also a key component in systemic chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome), in which bilirubin has been demonstrated to improve the diseases by acting as a multi-target antiinflammatory molecule, and where the evaluation of pharmacological modulation of the pigment level as a therapeutic approach has already started. While altered serum bilirubin levels have been reported in ND patients, the potential activity of bilirubin in the brain is vague. This review summarizes the available fragmentary information on the interplay of bilirubin with neuroinflammation, aiming to elucidate the pigment's role in the central nervous system environment.

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Section: Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilirubin and inflammation in neurodegenerative and other neurological diseases

Jayanti¹,

Moretti²,

Tiribelli³

et al. 2020

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“…It is known that immaturity and reduced adaptive mechanisms in preterm infants are depleted, starting as early as intrauterine, during birth and in the postnatal period of life, due to stress factors such as hypoxia, hyperoxia, reperfusion and inflammation [16]. For a deeper understanding of these processes, we performed a clinical and morphological comparison of the functional and structural features of the pineal gland of the brain in early infants with ELBW.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Morphological Correlates of Pineal Gland Function in Infants With Extremely Low Body Weight

Klimenko

Kuzienkova

2022

Neonatol. hìr. perinat. med.

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Introduction. The functional activity of the pineal gland plays a dramatic important role in the adaptation topostnatal life and in the pathogenesis of the most common perinatal pathology of premature infants.The aim of the study. To determine the morphofunctional features of the pineal gland in premature infants withextremely low body weight.Material and methods. In 46 preterm infants with extremely low birth weight, the level of melatonin metabolite inurine 6-sulfoxymelatonin was determined at first day of life. The 20 dead infants underwent macro- and microscopicexamination of the pineal gland using the immunohistochemical method.Results. All preterm infants with extremely low birth weight had perinatal pathology, which led to death in 20 ofthem. Urinary excretion of the metabolite melatonin 6-sulfoximelatonin in preterm infants with extremely low birthweight in the first day of life, which had fatal consequences, significantly reduced compared with surviving children,indicating depletion of functional activity of the pineal gland and may be as a marker of adverse course of the neonatalperiod. Morphologically, in the pineal gland of premature infants with extremely low body weight there is an increasein morphofunctional activity of pineal cells. This is confirmed by morphometric data and increased expression ofMelanA and S100 in immunohistochemical studies. Macro- and microscopic data suggest that extrauterine existencein distress conditions accelerates the differentiation of the pineal gland (depletion) and indicates the presenceof damage to glandular tissue, which in turn reduces the synthesis of melatonin and its mediated metabolite 6 –sulfoxymelatonin in urine.Conclusions. Decreased urinary excretion of 6-sulfoximelatonin in preterm infants with extremely low birthweight in the first day of life and mophological changes in the pineal gland of deceased children indicate depletionof functional activity of the pineal gland in conditions of perinatal pathology

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“…Also an inflammatory reaction develops in response to lung tissue damage by oxygen, and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are found in higher concentrations in children who develop chronic lung diseases ( 16 , 17 ). Some authors also suggest that lung damage in BPD is associated not only with the influence of active oxygen radicals, but with a decrease in antioxidant activity and the insufficient protective functions in preterm neonates ( 12 , 18 ). As shown in our results, the sensitivity and specificity of the ROC curve analysis were quite high (80% and 64%, respectively), indicating that low urinary melatonin concentrations in the early neonatal period could predict the development of BPD with high reliability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of melatonin concentration in preterm infants and adverse outcomes in the late neonatal period

Павлишин

Sarapuk

Kozak³

2022

Biochem. med. (Online)

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Introduction:The aim of research was to assess the melatonin concentrations in the early neonatal period as a predictor of adverse outcomes of late neonatal period in preterm infants and to estimate its optimal predictive cut-off values. Materials and methods: A total of 115 preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were screened for eligibility, five did not meet the criteria, six parents declined the participation. So, a total of 104 preterm infants with gestational age 25-34 weeks were included in research. The concentration of melatonin in urine was determined by the Enzyme Immunoassay method (Human Melatonin Sulfate ELISA kit, Elabscience, China). The Mann-Whitney U-test and analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used in statistical analysis. Results: Analysis of the ROC curves has revealed optimal cut-off values for urinary melatonin concentration to predict late outcomes. Melatonin concentration below 3.58 ng/ml with sensitivity of 72% can predict development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (AUC = 0.73; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.61-0.86). Good diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.80; 95% CI 0.67-0.93) has been shown for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The optimal cut-off value for melatonin concentration in BPD prediction is 3.71 ng/ml (sensitivity 80%, specificity 64%). Urinary melatonin concentration below 3.79 ng/ml can be associated with late-onset sepsis (AUC = 0.76; 95% CI 0.64-0.87; sensitivity 72%; specificity 62%). There were no significant associations between melatonin concentration and necrotizing enterocolitis (P = 0.912). Conclusion: Urinary melatonin concentration below the certain cut-off values in the early neonatal period may serve as one of the predictors of adverse outcomes such as BPD, ROP, and late-onset sepsis in the late neonatal period in preterm infants.

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Antioxidants at Newborns

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Bilirubin and inflammation in neurodegenerative and other neurological diseases

Bilirubin and inflammation in neurodegenerative and other neurological diseases

Clinical and Morphological Correlates of Pineal Gland Function in Infants With Extremely Low Body Weight

The relationship of melatonin concentration in preterm infants and adverse outcomes in the late neonatal period

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